Knowlegde management

Albert Einstein Learning Objectives After studying this week's content you should be able to: 2. 3. 4. 5. Define knowledge management, intellectual capital, and organizational learning. Identify specific ways that organizations acquire and share knowledge. Describe the knowledge creation process. Explain the role of trust in knowledge sharing. Identify organizational features which facilitate organizational learning.Lecture Overview What Is knowledge management? Knowledge creation process Tacit and explicit knowledge Knowledge sharing Definitions, history, and benefits Ability and willingness Organizational learning Data – Information – Knowledge Data Information Knowledge a set of discrete, objective facts about events Conceptualized Categorized Calculated Corrected Condensed data endowed with relevance and purpose Comparison Consequences Connections Conversation a fluid mix of framed experience, values, contextual information and expert insight.Source: Davenport & Pru ssia, 1998. Justified true beliefs (Monika, 1994, p. 1 5) the individual's ability to draw distinctions within a elective domain of action, based on an appreciation of context or theory, or both (Bell, 1999, p. Lexis) information that is relevant, actionable and at least partially based on experience (Leonard & Sniper, 1998, p. 13) a fluid mix of framed experience, values, contextual information and expert insight (Davenport & Prussia, 1998, p. 9) Knowledge Management â€Å"is the management of information, knowledge and experiences available to an organization in order that organizational activities build on what is already known and extend it further† (Mayo, 1998) Increased productivity: Greater utilization of organizational knowledge base Reduction of redundancy & time searching for info.Increased organizational cohesion & cooperation Greater organizational learning KM Proposed Benefits Reduction of duplication and time searching for information Wider application of organi zational knowledge base Reduction of pressure to do more with limited resources through building on others' learning curves Increased morale through greater cooperation Improved organizational communication and participation Where did KM come from? Three Social and Economic Trends 1. Globalization – complexity, volume, speed puts pressure on What do we know, who knows it, what onto we know that we should know. . Ubiquitous computing – premium value on knowledge that cannot be digitized, codified or easily distributed. 3 Knowledge-Centric View of the Firm capability is knowledge (especially knowledge that is specific or tacit') (Prussia, 2001) Intellectual Capital Knowledge residing in the organization†sum of its: Human Capital Knowledge that people possess and generate Social Capital Knowledge, trust, and norms of reciprocity in one's social network Structural Capital Relationship Capital Knowledge captured in systems and structures Values derived from satisfied customers, reliable suppliers, etc.Knowledge Management Processes Acquisition Sharing Use Hiring talent Communication Awareness Acquiring firms practice Freedom to apply Individual learning Experimentation Developing a Learning Orientation Value the generation of new knowledge Reward experimentation Recognize mistakes as part of learning Encourage employees to take reasonable risks Explicit and tacit knowledge Explicit knowledge can be organized and communicated from one person to another Tacit knowledge subtle information acquired through observation and experience; can't be explicitly communicated, only possible through observation and experience Two Dimensions of Explicit Knowledge Easy to communicate facts and figures models and theories protocols, procedures, formula Can be captured Difficult to communicate intuition judgment experience-based insight getting things to work in practice Cannot be captured, but can be transferred The Explicit Dimension of Explicit refers to knowle dge that has been reflected in some kind of medium such as in a document, image, process or tool.Examples: Standard Operating Procedures Manuals Checklists Computer code Tacit Knowledge Tacit knowledge is more important competitive advantage The economic significance of tacit knowledge is derived from its barriers to transferability Its economic significance is an incentive to develop better understanding of tacit knowledge in its own right. The Tacit Dimension of Knowledge Tacit knowledge is highly personal and cannot be transferred without close personal contact. A technician abandons the standard operating procedure because experience tells him that it is not appropriate in this situation An auditor digs deeper because something about the accounts makes her uneasy Two core processesCodification of knowledge into databases and repositories Facilitation of interpersonal knowledge sharing The Knowledge Creation Process Knowledge is created and expanded through: the social interactio n between tacit and explicit From individuals to the group Monika & Attacked, 1995 Sharing and creating tacit knowledge through direct experience Solicitation Externalities Articulating tacit through dialogue and reflection Explicit Learning and acquiring new tacit knowledge in practice Monika, Attacked, Kong, Ottoman Internationalist Combination Stemming and applying explicit knowledge and Knowledge creation Solicitation – move from tacit to tacit knowledge CROSS NO. 00213J e. G. New knowledge is expressed in a way that can be shared Combination – move from explicit to explicit knowledge e. G. Working side by side; e. G. Integrate with what we already know and capture in policy or procedure Internationalist – move from explicit to tacit knowledge e. G. New learning become a pattern in your repertoire, taken for granted and you forget you learned them (Monika and Attacked 1995) Managing knowledge: transformation Levels of Knowledge Types of knowledge Individual Organization tacit Databases Systems and procedures Skills Know-how

Psychology Behind Sex, Porn And Intimacy Essay

If I may ask, does your boyfriend or husband love to watch porn? Does his behavior affect your sex life in whichever way? Several studies have indicated that quite a good number of men watch pornographic videos for one reason or the other (Bowring, 2005). Several women who attend psychotherapy sessions have been complaining about their partners watching porn, which has led to a change in their habits and demands. Most of the women reported that their partners have lowered libido and others have lost interest in sex and intimacy. However, the reports have not been one-sided, as some couples still manage to enjoy marriage even though the husband loves to watch pornographic videos. On their side, men who watch porn have a reason for doing so as they say watching porn is harmless but rather resourceful. In his, book â€Å"Watching Sex: How do men really respond to pornography,† David shares that some of the reasons men watch porn movies include curiosity, play of fantasy, pleasure of surrender, among others. There are a few problems associated with watching porn videos, issues which threaten to derail or tear apart the noble institution of marriage. Men who are avid lovers of porn have been reported to be less intimate during sex. When they are supposed to caress their partners or do foreplay prior to making love, they fail to do so. The resultant effect is non-gratifying sexual intercourse. Their mindset is that the woman is needs little stimulation to get aroused, a common feature with most porn movies. The second problem that men suffer from is fixation. According to Mark Bnschick, M.D in The Intelligent Divorce project, when men watch porn for so long, they form an idealized image of a perfect woman with a curvy body shape, looking sexy, stunning and random . When having sex, they derive gratification not directly from the act of doing it with their partner but by creating a mental picture of an ideal woman in terms of body shape, beauty, etc. These kind of people may even start to r esort to self-pleasuring because they never find the act of sex to be fully gratifying. When such things start to happen, the women in subject will start to feel betrayed, having self-esteem issues as well as self-questioning such as wondering whether they never satisfy their partners’ or spouses’ sexual needs (Bowring, 2005). To make the matters even worse, claims are that regular watching of porn have made men more less like rapists who are clumsy in bed, without any sense of  intimacy or attachment (Gallop, 2011). This kind of behavior is propagated by porn movies since the porn stars behave in a clumsy and commanding way. They take a dominating role during the whole process of sex or love making. The more the men watch these videos, they more they idolize the male porn stars, slowly incorporating that personality into themselves and finally into their love making moments. In his book, â€Å"The Centrefold Syndrome,† David points out that porn changes how men think. Porn stars are attractive, sexy, good looking and some have curvy body shapes. The more men watch these videos, the more they develop an urge to have a quick and thrilling sexual encounter with virtually every woman who fits the billing of a porn star. On the other hand, Journal of Applied Social Psychology observes that people, who watched porn regularly reported less sexual satisfaction, coupled with a view that their partners lack good physical appearance and have poor sexual performance. Furthermore, another study published in the â€Å"Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy,† indicates that men who watched porn videos find other people less attractive. The real image is masked by an idealized image. In his blog Good in Bed, Dr. Kemer says, â€Å"More and more women are complaining about guys who can no longer reach orgasm during sex, or seem distracted during sex†¦.† Apart from the effects of watching porn outlined above, let us now look at other factors such as oxytoxin, endorphins, hugging, cuddling and kissing along with how porn affect these vital elements needed for a satisfying relationship. Oxytoxin, commonly branded â€Å"the love hormone† plays a key role in bonding. This hormone promotes a feeli ng of warmth and attachment between two people (Banschick, 2014). On the other endorphins promotes a feel-good sensation. During sex, women secret more oxytoxin as compared to their male counterparts. This explains why women yearn for attachment and closeness after sex such as holding each other tightly, cuddling passionately, or even talking in low tones. For a woman, foreplay and arousal are as important as is sex, and are the prerequisites for intimate and orgasmic sex. Women find it so gratifying and pleasurable when a man caresses her without gently, look deeply into her eyes, whisper romantic words into her ears, play with her hair, caress he face and gently touching her ears. When these are done, they lead to the production of more endorphins and oxytoxins for bonding and a feel-good sensation. Nevertheless, take a moment and think about this, do porn actors even take  time to caress, hug and cuddle? Does oxytoxin get enough time to be secreted in abundance for bonding? The answer is NO! This is exactly where the problem starts with men ad dicted to watching porn videos. They rarely take their time to arouse their partners. They take a very short time before engaging in sexual intercourse even before their partner is ready. This leads to inability to reach a climax as well as a cause for unsatisfying sex life (Streufert, 1987). The second aspect is kissing. Kissing and intimacy are like the head and tail of a coin; irreplaceable. You cannot kiss if you are not intimate, and a good sign of intimacy is deep kissing. These two aspects are what make couples or partners to have an intimate sex and relationship. If I may ask, have you known why sex workers refrain from kissing their clients? Due to its tender, close and developing nature, kissing can turn out to be too intimate to the extent that the sex workers can find themselves falling in love (Alexander, 2011). This is why they avoid kissing at all costs, or if they do, it is only light kissing and not deep kissing. According to Sheila Gregoire, a psychotherapist, the more a man watches porn, the more the mode of gratification changes to solely stimulation, gradually excluding kissing and cuddling. I now bet you can clearly see why sex and intimacy may never be the real deal for your relationship. Men you should be careful! References Alexander, L. (2011). Putas of the Caribbean Prostitutes of the Caribbean.. Phillipsburg: AuthorHouse. Bowring, L. (2005). Searching for intimacy: pornography, the internet and the XXX factor. Milton Keynes: Authentic Media. Gallop, C. (2011). Make Love Not Porn: Technology’s Hardcore Impact on Human Behavior. New York: TED Books. Ley, D. J. (2009). Insatiable wives: women who stray and the men who love them. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield. (2013). Pornography. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 37(6), 12-17. Sex, Porn, and the Challenge of Intimacy. (n.d.). Psychology Today: Health, Help, Happiness + Find a Therapist. Retrieved April 21, 2014, from http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-intelligent-divorce/201403/sex-porn-and-the-challenge-intimacy Streufert, S. (1987). Applied Social Psychology. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 17(7), 605-608. Why Husbands Lose

Deviant Workplace Behavior

Deviant workplace behaviors are generally considered those that violate the organizational standards, policies or Internal rules. It Is Important to mention the difference between unethical behavior and negative deviant behavior. While unethical behavior deals with breaking the rules of society, negative deviant behavior focuses on violating significant organizational norms (Appellate et al. , 2007). Both types of behavior, however, will be examined In this paper. Researchers have given these behaviors many different names Including workplace deviance, counterproductive behavior and anti-social behavior.Behavior is deemed deviant when an organization's customs, policies, or internal regulations are violated by an Individual or a group that may Jeopardize the well-being of the organization or Its citizens (Appellate et al. , 2007). The Impacts of Deviant Workplace Behavior When normal work behavior goes outside the norms of the organization, its consequences are far-reaching and affec t all levels of the organization including its decision-making processes, productivity and financial costs.Many Influences Impact the ethical behavior of employees and thus Impact the overall company; however, managers can take proactive steps to positively influence ethical behavior. Management greatly influences the behavior of employees. In fact, how managers define and establish the culture makes a significant impact on how lower-level employees act as well as In the way the organization as a whole acts when faced with dicey ethical issues (Ernst and Young, 2008).Coca-Cola in India is an example of how one company is trying to proactively address ethical issues. During the recruitment and hiring process, Coca-Cola India measures each applicant's stand on personal ethics. According to Anal Gar, Vice President of HRS, â€Å"No matter how much pressure we have on us to recruit, hiring an employee whose ethics are suspect is a no- go† (Sell 2009). The organization implemented a set of workplace ethics and protocols that are helping drive the desired corporate culture. Every employee needs to abide by it regardless of the designation of role. It Includes punctuality, keeping personal work to the minimal, controlling expenses, maintaining office decorum and contributing towards creating a positive culture that results in enhanced reference and workplace relationships† (Sell 2009). The company also works with an external agency to provide a hotlist to encourage and protect weightlessness within Its organization. What Causes Bad Behavior In the Workplace?According to a recent phone survey of 1 ,305 American employees performed by Integrate Realty Resources, stress leads to physical violence in one in ten work environments. Ana almost anal AT tense surveyed salsa yelling Ana vernal anuses Is common in their workplaces (Dad, 2001). Most interestingly, this behavior is not linked to class, Job type, education, or income levels. So what's causing all this erratic behavior? In short, stress. American businesses have suffered tremendously in the last five years due to severe economic downturn.These changes required organizations to downsize, leaving the remaining employees with more duties than ever before. This â€Å"do more with less† culture means employees are stretched to their maximum constantly. Employees are skipping breaks and lunches in order to meet job and departmental objectives. All the studies on deviant workplace behavior conclude similarly; the higher the stress level within the work environment, the Geiger the likelihood employees will experience counterproductive workplace behavior.Warning Signs Millions of people are affected by violence in the workplace every year. Workplace violence is tied to a broad range of behaviors falling along a spectrum that, depending their nature and/or severity, significantly affect the workplace, generate a concern for personal safety, and/or result in physical injury or even d eath (Cordial, 2011). This behavior rarely forms out of the blue, yet managers feel unsure how to prevent negative outbursts.Although every situation is different, there are some inclusive warning signs managers can look for to ensure the safety of the workplace: Excessive tardiness or absences, increased need for supervisions, lack of performance, change in work habits, inability to concentrate, signs of stress, changes in attitude, weapons fascination, drug ; alcohol addiction and the inability to take responsibility for their actions. Ultimately, it is important that managers realize there are few warning signs that their employee may be in distress and need intervention.Creating a corporate culture that encourages staff to report the unusual behavior of cohorts to upper management is imperative for mitigating violence in the workplace (Executive Disclosure, 2006). Why is Deviant Behavior Allowed to Happen in Organizations? According to many studies, corporate propaganda statemen ts such as, â€Å"we value or people† or â€Å"employees are our real assets† or â€Å"we work hard to foster a spirit of teamwork† is nothing like what's really going on within the company. Silos, politics, complacency, and finger pointing are much more common than commitment, trust, and a go-getter attitude.This results in bad behavior and sickens teamwork wrought the entire organization. Bad behaviors result in poor decision making, which produce big problems for the organization (Time Business, 2002). Bad behavior is like a cancer in an organization which must be healed before any meaningful and lasting change can occur (Productivity Cubed, 2010). When morale is down and results are not stellar, many organizations embark on change programs; implementing change initiatives, developing new strategies, and conducting â€Å"corrective interviews†. But, after a few go-rounds employees start to suffer from what researchers call Change Fatigue.If a culture o f politics, blaming, and distrust exists, no meaningful change can, or will, occur. In a sick culture people will say what they think the boss wants to hear without believing in the changes proposed. For a true change to occur people must have a different mindset. How Can Organizations Mitigate Deviant Behavior? Although tender are many Issues wince cause concern Tort organizations, tender are ways for managers to positively impact the ethical behavior of employees. As Ben Heinlein, the former General Electric General Counsel stated, â€Å"Performance does to have to come at the expense of integrity.A company can meet or exceed its numbers and, at the same time, adhere to formal rules, establish global ethical standards and motivate employees throughout the company to exemplify values of honesty, candor, fairness, reliability and trustworthiness† (Sell, D. 2009). There is a consensus among organizations that violence in the workplace is unacceptable, however most organization s operate on a reactive basis, rather than developing proactive solutions to address this issue (Chem., 2010). Experts recommend that employers implement processes which enable employees to report inappropriate workplace behavior.Managers should be trained on encouraging staff members to step-up and report threats or harassment. Organizations should consider creating workplace violence prevention programs to eradicate bullying, intimidation and violent occurrences. Ultimately, all companies- big or small – should have policies in place which address workplace violence. Conclusion When we consider all the research, papers and articles on the topic of deviant workplace behavior, it is unquestionable and transparent that the problem is rebound, not endemic to a particular race, gender, culture, group or organization and it will always be present in our society.

Merger, Acquisition, and International Strategies Research Paper - 5

Merger, Acquisition, and International Strategies - Research Paper Example Similarly, mergers and acquisitions guide smaller and newer companies into adapting in the advanced industries that have larger companies often manipulating the market conditions of such industries. Merger and acquisitions is a restructure approach in the management of enterprises within an industry. In successful mergers, the companies involved employ techniques that enable them to reorganize their corporate and internal strategies to suit the value of the operations. Distinctively, the growth of globalization has largely influenced the need for businesses to embrace mergers and acquisition as a way to fit into the competitive international markets. Many companies have inadequate resources that enable them to venture into overseas markets, hence limiting their potential output and income respectively. In this case study, therefore, the paper will explain the role of mergers and acquisitions towards the growth of a brand in international markets. The energy industry is a mainstream contributor to the growth of any economy in the world. Many companies that deal with this lucrative commodity are often engaged in a series of adjustment processes that guarantee the survival of such companies in this competitive industry. Due to the increasing global pressure towards internationalization of various business entities, the merger and acquisition processes came into the picture to provide a stable supply of energy for the expansion of various business units. Therefore, between the year 1998 and the year 2001, major energy mergers were commissioned to oversee the improvement of efficiency in the provision of energy as per the requirements of the internationalized enterprises. The Exxon Mobil is a combination that involved the purchase of Mobil by Exxon in the year 1998. The strategy employed in this merger was the horizontal strategy that involved the acquisition of a foreign oil

Apple Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Apple - Essay Example issues affecting business; technological changes; environmental factors in business; and finally legal issues influencing organization’s operations. For us to get a an understanding of the macro environment affecting Apple Inc, then a deep study of the overall technology industry must be done (Kotler Phillip and Gary Armstrong, 2006). The first factor influencing operation of Apple Inc is the technological force; the company continuously experiences changes in technology, each year the computer electronic components became faster, cheaper and convenient hence computer design frequently changes. Apple is affected by changes in the technology industry; hardware producers like Intel and competing software producers like Microsoft are always innovative in their designs, and therefore Apple must be creative and innovative to ensure superior products and differentiation (RodgerRafter, 2002) Microsoft is a major software producer for Intel computers, and the major competitor of Apple; continuous innovation by Microsoft in software product (especially new versions of windows) has created pressure on Apple to continuously upgrade software like MacOS. Economic factors which affect computer sector include market competition. There is a lot of competition in the technology industry because of low entry barriers; which allows easy entrance by competitors hence increased industry competition. Also, the bargaining power of suppliers is limited due to the limited number of hardware and related software suppliers like Intel and Cyrix. On the contrary; the bargaining power of customers is strong because of the low costs of switching and searching (Jobs, S., 2005). Marketing strategy during entry should take into consideration the purchasing powers of potential consumers; the purchasing capability of developed states is high, while that of developing countries especially in Africa is low. Social change includes the dynamic lifestyle of customers that make apple to be

International Finance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International Finance - Assignment Example in order for an economic union to be successful it is necessary to have following conditions among the member countries: 1. Labour mobility: Labour mobility is the free access to labour without any legal or cultural obstacle, and having similar wages and other employment conditions. 2. Capital mobility: It will allow the market forces to enhance the equal distribution of wealth and resources through supply and demand. 3. Similar Business Cycle: It will help the member countries in reducing inflation and increasing growth. 4. Automatic Fiscal Transfer Mechanism: It will help in redistribution of money towards less developed areas without federal interference. As of today, the European Union is comprised of 27 member countries having an aggregate population of around 500 million people. Making an economic union was a very bold and risky step for European countries. It involved not only the compromise on the individual monetary freedom of the member countries but also the integration of central banks. The basic purpose of this unification was to give economic support to member countries through the integration of economic and political policies. In order to enhance the importance of Europe in the monetary mechanism of the world, there was a need of unity among European countries. ... The European Union was officially created on 1st November, 1993 under the third Delors Commission. The Euro was introduced initially in a non-physical form like EFT or travelers cheques in January 1999 and captured the market completely in physical form on 1st January 2002. In contrast to the economist expectations, Euro survived a good length of time. It was the first experiment of its kind in the history. Many economists were skeptic about the future of Euro and its corresponding impact on European economic future. Several criticisms rose as to the applicability of the Optimum Currency Theory on European Union due to the lack of mobility of factors of production among member countries. US economists objected that European Union is not so integrated to issue single currency like the different states of US. However they overlook the fact that it took more than 150 years to United States to integrate the monetary system of all states by issuing Dollars for the entire nation. However t he theory of optimum currency area does not include political economy factors like the desire for European integration on political level, reducing the exchange rate risks and achieving stable price levels. US economists also believed that the entire European monetary integration was basically a political ploy and therefore lacking the necessary criteria of the optimum currency area. On the basis of the crisis of European Exchange rate system in early 90s, they begin to suspect the viability of this monetary union. From the very beginning of the European monetary integration process, this union is always question on the basis of the optimum currency area theory. The basis of all criticism was that the Europe was not at

Globalization for the Arab Countries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Globalization for the Arab Countries - Essay Example Then in 1973, "King Faisal of Saudi Arabia cuts off his country's oil exports to the United States, triggering an oil crisis, long lines at the gas pumps and a recession." (Newton, p 53) Globalization is typically defined as a shift from internal local human societies (including financial, politics and religions) to linking distant communities of people and levels of industry, expanding them across regions and continents - in other words removing boundaries from the world. Globalization can reduce the deficiencies of third world countries with technological advances and with equal allocation of resources. An advantage to globalization is the lowering of trade barriers, for example, the reduction of export tariffs to the developing countries charged by industrialized nations. The lowering of the trade barriers then allow the developing countries to also move towards industrialization with the realized gains. Globalization is also said to liberalize countries with less than democratic political processes, for example, the member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council. Organization according to the theory of globalization One might argue that the GCC is a regional rather than a global organization, but they formed together because of globalization. They wish to base their common goal on the creed of Islam, believing they have a common destiny. However, it is notable that Yemen, Jordan, Iraq and Iran are not included in the regional organization. Saudi Arabia was the primary in setting up the Gulf Cooperation Council in 1981. Other members are Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The Gulf Cooperation Council aims to coordinate resistance to outside intervention in the Gulf. Progress towards economic integration has been slow during the 1980s economic downturn in the region. The presidency of the Gulf Cooperation Council rotates yearly among members. Council headquarters are in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The Gulf Cooperation Council was initially formed in response to the out break of the Iran-Iraq war. ("Gulf Cooperation Council - GCC.") During that time and after the 1973 Oil Em bargoes it has been estimated that the population of the GCC is about 35 percent expatriates from the surrounding countries. (IOM, LAS 2004). The practice of globalization theory will lead countries to gain of knowledge even if the theory turns out wrong for them. It can also be used to rule out non-working solutions to diagnose and treat economic events. Liberalism of culture, religion, language by GCC Liberalism ('liberate') is opening up the local cultures, religions and languages (internal human societies) to compatibility with global cultures, religions and languages (distant across regions and even continents). In fact, one might say that liberalism wants to synthesize all of the local areas of

Assignment2-1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assignment2-1 - Essay Example Reconstruction was a failure in the South, as the white Southerners placed several obstacles in the way of African-American political participation. With the abolition of slavery through the Thirteenth Amendment of 1865, African-Americans sought political participation. This was bitterly opposed by the white Southerners, who were granted the right by President Johnson to form new governments. They passed the Black Code, denying African-Americans the right to buy or lease land, to vote, to attend public schools, to testify against whites or serve on juries and continue to toil as servants for their former masters. Racial supremacists, like the Ku Klux Klan, resorted to violence and lynching of African-Americans. The race riots in Memphis and New Orleans in 1866 saw the blatant massacre of eighty-nine African-Americans. The radical Republican Congress, although it overrode President Johnson’s obstinate resistance to reconstruction, and resorted to the use of federal troops in th e South, could not achieve its objectives due to the severe economic depression in the South, the racism inherent in generations of white Southerners and the electoral malpractices resorted to by them. 2 In the light of the new constitutional legislation enacted by the Republican Congress, the Reconstruction may be viewed as a success. The Fourteenth Amendment of 1868 guaranteed Blacks civil rights and equality before the law; the Fifteenth Amendment of 1870 mandated racially impartial voting rights; the Civil Rights Act of 1875 banned racial segregation. The Freedmen’s Bureau, whose powers were expanded by Congress, assisted former slaves to assert their rights. Several former slaves, including Oscar Dunn, Francis Cardozo, John Menard, Jasper White and Hiram Revels, held legislative office, and entered the Congress, the Senate and the judiciary. 3 Equal civil and political rights for African-Americans were ensured by such

Should drivers pay fine for talking on cell phones or texting while Essay

Should drivers pay fine for talking on cell phones or texting while they drive - Essay Example e increasingly focusing on building mobile phones into car systems, the debate surrounds around not the device being hand-held or hands-free; rather the debate is on the act of phone communication. Although some people may argue about safety regarding hands-free devices, it is the topic of conversation that can distract the attention level of drivers. However, due to the extreme importance of cell phones in modern life drivers do not heed the dangers associated with using the device while driving. Therefore, it is necessary that laws need to be applied to discourage drivers from using cell phones. Despite the conveniences of using cell phones in modern days of communication, drivers should be fined for talking and texting while driving because doing so texting and talking increases the probability of accidents, they put lives at danger, and they are a driving distraction. Texting and talking while driving increase the probability of accidents. Let me begin by giving some statistical figures to prove my point of argument. According to an estimation given by CDC report, every day in the United States 9 people meet with fatal accidents and 1,153 people get injured as a result of mishaps caused by a distracted driver. A driver becomes distracted when he remains busy doing activities other than driving that include talking on the cell phone or texting. A study was conducted by CDC in 2011 to analyze the reasons of distraction. It was revealed that 69 percent of U.S. drivers between the age of 18 to 64 have talked on their cell phone while driving in the 30 days prior to the study. In Europe, it was 21 percent in UK and 59 percent in Portugal (â€Å"Distracted Driving†). According to another 2011 report by National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), distracted drives attribute towards 22 percent of injuries and 16 percent of deaths by ro ad accidents (Trempel et al., 6). In another report published by the U.S. government, in the year 2008, 6,000 people have

Creating an Inclusive School Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Creating an Inclusive School - Essay Example The special classes enable the special case students to access additional education benefits and programs. Rhonda and other special learners should benefit from LRE that allocates extra time for tests and quizzes. This provides adequate time for properly tackling examination questions. The special education teachers should read aloud the test and quiz questions. This will enable easy understanding of examination instructions. The teacher should allow Rhonda and other special learners to utilize the computer in preparing written assignments. This improves the presentation and quality of written assignments. Special learners like Rhonda should be given preferential seating arrangement at the front of the class. This ensures effective hearing and enhances visibility during class lessons. The LRE ensures that parents or guardians of the special learners participate in the learning processes. This is because the parents are provided with extra education materials like textbooks. The education materials are used to guide the special learners during home studies. The school administrator should encourage adoption of two learning classes for special learners; the special and the ordinary class. This will improve the education capabilities of special learners. The administrator should also budget for appropriate resources that enhance learning of special students like

Disclosure and Financial Reporting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Disclosure and Financial Reporting - Essay Example It also helps the other market players to decide on mergers and acquisitions. Through disclosure of financial statements, the companies also endorse the financial information that has been sent to their regulating authorities like Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). It is important to understand the key issues that affect the financial decisions of managers in disclosures and financial reporting. In this essay, the changes in regulations and standards that have improved the method of financial reporting and disclosure and the subsequent impacts on a company in terms of future cost, risk exposure and profits are being discussed. Several laws have been enacted and acts have been passed in different countries with the objective of making financial reporting and its disclosures more reliable and trustworthy. The objective of addressing the key issues is to ensure and protect the interest of the stakeholders and investors. One such act that addressed these issues is Sarbanes-Oxley A ct. It was first implemented for companies listed in NYSE and has now been spread all over the world. Sarbanes-Oxley Act has redefined and changed the ways of Corporate Governance of companies leading to efficient and transparent operations (Ambler, Massaro and  Stewart, 2005, p.38). ... Many investors had previously complained about the relevance and volume of financial information in their disclosures and were also unhappy of finding useful information in the disclosure and financial reporting by companies. In the above context, SOX was enacted in order to make it mandatory for companies to certify accuracy and relevance of the financial information disclosed by them. Non-adherence to SOX Act also earned penalties for the companies. The enactment of SOX has empowered the external auditors and has increased the role of oversight for the concerned Board of Directors. The change in role of the Board of directors has redefined corporate governance by making it stricter than earlier. Through efficient corporate governance, the companies were able to deal with the new system of laws and regulations and maintain healthy relationships with their stakeholders (Rao, 2000, p.42). The continuous monitoring of the board of directors helped in eliminating the misdeeds or misappr opriations in the part of corporate officers. As a result of these changes in regulation, the following key issues were addressed. Proper system of accounting and financial reporting was put in place which enabled disclosure of only and only relevant information to the stakeholders of the company. Secondly, flexible requirements were put in place for the companies to report relevant information for some specific circumstances. Thirdly, a judgment panel or framework was instituted to decide which information is pertinent with respect to specific situation faced by the companies. Fourthly, suitable techniques were adopted in order to make information more user-friendly and easy to find for the readers.

Study summary Essay Example for Free

Study summary Essay The issue of â€Å"profiling† among in policing is not a new concern and considering the efforts devoted against the practice as well as other forms of discrimination, the evidence of its prevalence in the study of Alpert, MacDonald and Dunham (2005) is alarming. The researchers’ main objective was to determine if racial, situational and demographic variable influence police discretion in the establishment of types of suspicion. In doing so, the researchers hoped to determine the vulnerability of minority populations for police suspicion and stops: whether the reasons cited to justify the suspicions were determined by behavioral or non-behavioral factors and if there are any predictors to determine discretion. The research points out that police officers are supposed to be suspicious in that they are specifically trained to develop cognitive schemas or map seemingly unrelated individual, places or events. Several of the researches cited for the study indicate that there are specific cues for suspicion that often coincides with racial, cultural or ethnic characterizations. When something does not fit the schema, there is a natural prompt to pay more attention to it. Though this is not simply a case of one person being the odd man out, the suggestion is that people, not just police officers, have a tendency to see contrasts more easily. This has been indicated by in the case of Terry v.Ohio where the U. S. Supreme Court decided that, â€Å"There is also a realization of the variances on culture that exists which leads both to a realization of unique cultural characteristics as well as awareness of differences, value systems, trade and cross cultural politics† (p. 415) The researchers assume that police suspicion is based on their prior knowledge, observation or experience of similar cases. Thus, there is also a need to understand how knowledge, experience or observations are acquired. The researchers believe that understanding the said factors will not only enhance insights to whether the hypothesis that minorities are more vulnerable to police suspicion but also how they determine the value systems of police officers. According to the study, race remains to be a critical factor in behavioral suspicion. Based on the same research, there is greater association of juvenile delinquency among minorities. Non-behavioral factors also dominate the basis of police suspicion which includes matching descriptions of individuals, activities or transportation. In either case, though suspicion may be influenced by race, it did not directly mean that police action will be directed to the individual. This also implies that based on the factors that influence police suspicion: there was no direct correlation to actual stops made by the police. In making a critique of the study, there is a need to consider the limitations and scope of the researchers’ subjects and methodology. The researchers admit that current data for the research is limited to the observed officers and neither was there significant investigation was made to the origin and nature of suspicion cues amount these officers. It should be noted as well that developments in criminal justice systems follow changes in society: customs, politics, and economics all influence what is determined to criminal behavior, what the corresponding punishment should be and what compensation can be made available to victims. Thus, as much as suspicion cues are determined by social factors, social behaviors are also determined by these cues. Another question that can be further studied by the research is from its determination that suspicions are influenced by race but not actual actions taken by the police. What discriminates the influence of social characterization in the development of suspicions? Are police stops not vulnerable to racial identification or is the presence of criminal justice mechanisms that deter its impact? Furthermore, the study was not able to determine if there are measures to deter the prevalence of discriminatory factors in police suspicions. Essentially, there is a need to further investigate the mechanism of race and other discriminatory factors to be able to reinforce its significance. Based on researches on motivation, there is greater realization that people are motivated by internal factors and external factors that they can be either aware of or not. In the case of profiling, it can then be assumed that the factors that raise the suspicion of police officers are both influenced by their experience and their own personal orientations. Thus, another enhancement of the study can be to determine the dominance of internal and external factors against each other suspicion formation and the subsequent police action. The research admit that their study will not so much answer questions but rather more of them. In any setting, the study of what influence perceptions is always difficult because of its dependence of so many variable both measurable and not. Regardless of the lack of definitiveness, is a good study of social perceptions and policing. Utilizing the study, further researchers can be effectively developed to enhance the performance and discretion of police officers in dealing with issues regarding race and other social characterizations. Reference Alpert, Geoffrey P. , Macdonald, John M. And Dunham, Roger G. (2005). Police Suspicion And Discretionary Decision Making During Citizen Stops. Criminology,43(2): 407-434.

A Critical Analysis Of The Painter English Literature Essay

A Critical Analysis Of The Painter English Literature Essay Ashberys The Painter is a curious poem, with many different layers of meaning to unwrap and unravel, and one that cant simply be read without approaching these levels of comprehension almost too abstract to understand on any one layer. Even having studied it in depth I still feel like Ive barely scratched the surface of this poem, and I tend to think that this was an entirely deliberate act on the authors part using form, style and language to allow multiple interpretations of the poem a comment on nature and humanity, a comment on the production of art or a comment on the idolisation of artists. This poem is a narrative at first reading the simply written story of a painter. Reading more deeply it could be perceived to be a satirical comment on the concept of art and the process of its creation he expected his subject toà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ plaster its own portrait on the canvas  [1]  , or on the idea of an artist in calling the protagonist, who created art, a painter  [2]  , whilst referencing within artists leaning from the buildings  [3]  yet with no indication that these artists produced any kind of art. Finally, the nautical language, wrecks  [4]  and painter  [5]  (the rope used to attach a ship to the docks or land) could lead to an interpretation of the poem being a comment on nature reclaiming land that humanity stole. The poem is undramatised but implies an omniscient third person narrator who takes no part in the action, but reflects on it within. The tone of this narrator is intellectual and neutral, with no indication that the narrator cares for the subject. This narrator does however manage to comment on the thoughts and feelings of the painter, he enjoyedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ he expected  [6]  indicating that the narrator is the voice of the author, as opposed to also being a character within the poem. It could also be argued that the narrator symbolises God the omniscience and the references to prayer within the poem lend to this interpretation. Just as children imagine a prayer is merely silence  [7]  indicates that the author believes prayer cannot be merely silence, and hence the narrator could be symbolising God, hearing the painting as a prayer. The formal structure of the poem is six and a half stanzas. The six stanzas narrate his history, almost in the fashion of speech, using a lot of enjambment, and structured sentences to create the narrative atmosphere of the poem. The final half stanza is one sentence long, and ends suddenly, as though his subject had decided to remain a prayer  [8]  . The ending of this stanza is significant because the death of him is narrated in the first line of the last stanza, they tossed him, the portrait, from the tallest of the buildings  [9]  . The reader is left to decide whether him refers to the painter, or to the portrait is it personalisation of his work, or is it the death of the artist pre-empting the natural loss of art to nature. The penultimate line mentions the loss of his equipment, the sea devoured the canvas and the brush  [10]  , therefore seeming to place these above the death of the painter or portrait in importance. The last line focuses back on the subject of nature, and the idea that the work would be left incomplete, much as the stanza was. On one of its levels, the poem is about a painter struggling to paint nature, whilst succeeding in painting (wo)man, he chose his wife for a new subject  [11]  . The immediate conflict visible in this is the idea of man trying to exert control over nature and failing, and this is held up by the climax, where nature eventually wins. The level on which it could be read as a satire on the act of art, and role of an artist is the wordplay around painter and artist and the painter being the only one to produce art within the poem. These themes and levels tie together however to suggest that the core of the poem is a comment on the role of art can art accurately reflect nature? Is it a task only for the elite or can anyone participates in its production? Can humans paint true art or only a human image of what art might be? In terms of time and place the poem appears to be set somewhere relatively modern the language used is part of the typical vernacular in England, and until the last stanza the language is used to create a relatively realistic scenario in which we do not have to suspend disbelief, and even then they tossed him, the portrait, from the highest of the buildings  [12]  isnt a statement that could be seen as fantastic, only as unlikely in todays culture. As far as I can tell, my social and cultural distance from the poem isnt that great, so I will probably be reading it quite closely to the way in which the author wrote it theres nothing to indicate that the painter deviates from social norms or male stereotypes, except perhaps his submissive nature, in having been put to work by the other people in the building. I would say however that I have a distance from the poet, who is an older man, and that some of the themes within the poem might mature with age. The world view and ideology of the poem seems to be that nature is the pinnacle of art, and anything a human creates is secondary to that. It highlights the importance and value of the experience of a painter, but passes satirical comment on the idea of an artist the artists in this poem are never seen even to try and create. In that way it denigrates artists, saying that nature is a higher form of art, and that maybe its hubris to claim the identity of artist for oneself. To some extent, the poem evokes a sense of peace whilst in places the content is approaching violent, the form is quite gentle, and as a narrative poem the reader has some emotional distance from the story. It also leaves the reader with a sense of questioning the real meaning of the poem what is it asking about the nature of art? Written in a very simple style, very little imagery is immediately visible apart from the comparison of his wife to ruined buildings, a short simile. This is nonetheless very effective, almost summarising the overarching theme of the poem in one line, where the phrase ruined buildings  [13]  implies a taking back of buildings by nature, much like the images you see of trees bursting out of long abandoned houses. It could also be argued that the sea is a metaphor for the concept of nature as a whole and the reclamation of humankind and art by the sea as relating to nature reclaiming the world. The poem is typically quite direct however, and even the aforementioned simile is very simple, but the conflict of the painter and the sea is central to the meaning, the fact that whilst he can paint a vast  [14]  portrait of his wife, he is completely unable to paint nature, at least with any integrity. It might be that its impossible to answer that with relation to such a complex poem. It certainly uses structure, form and style effectively to create a questioning atmosphere within itself, in which the poem is very open to interpretation on the roles and interaction of human, art and nature, by the reader.

Growing Up As A Catholic

Growing Up As A Catholic Growing up, my family practiced the catholic faith. My parents educated me as Catholic and I attended a Catholic School for women. I never really experienced another kind of faith but Catholic; all my friends and people around me were from the same church. Im from Panama a Latin country, where 80% of the population is Catholic, the rest is divided between: Evangelist, Mormons, Baptist, etc., just to name a few. When I became an adult, have had Jewish, Muslim and without affiliations, and also I have been in Indian and Jewish religious weddings. Im currently enrolled in Campbell University, and one of my curses is REL-125. I was assigned to attend a religious service different than mine. I had a few options, but I decided to go First Baptist Church Stedman on Sunday morning. First Baptist Church Stedman, is located at 6921 Clinton Rd. The whole church itself was ok. The Usher, the first person I see when I entered the church greet me and welcomed me and also handle me, the bulletin an d an envelope attached. It was a well organized congregation of around 50 people, not too many to look around like you usually see in a Catholic church. I saw a cross but the cross did not have Jesus on it. Everyone who was there was very well dresses; ladies wearing hats and nice dresses and man wearing formal suit. Even the preacher was dressed in formal attire. The choir was spectacular, is the best word to describe it, very organized and the congregation seems to know the songs and enjoyed. It was very entertaining the form of worship they used through the singing. They sang a lot of songs, after every interval described in the program. When the service started, one of the church attendees read the Opening Selection followed by Pastors Invocation and welcome everybody. One thing that called my attention was, every time they sing it was a five minutes song. They worshiped God on each one. I dont notice that until later, and I was wondered how long is the service. As they end the singing another church attendant read the Responsive Reading, they gave all the attendant an additional page attached to the bulletin, entitled: The Resurrection of Jesus in Matthew 28:1-8. The Priest instructed everybody to stand up and the Choir sang another song, followed by the reading of the scripture: For in hope we were saved. Now hope that is seen is not hoping For who hope for what is seen? However, if we hope for what we do not see, we wait for it with patience. When he finished reading it, they prayed followed by the Church Vision Statement that says: First Baptist Church Stedman will be a church in the community that transforms the community, and will make it our aim to reconcile as many individuals as we can to God through the gospel of our Lord and Savior Jesus. Â  At that moment, Im still wondering whats the envelope for. Differently, as we do in Catholic church, I was waiting for the pastor speech. They read the announcements for the community. It was like a fifteen-minute announcement, after that they called the visitors to stand up. At this time, I have been at that church around an hour and fifteen minutes. I stand and introduced myself as a visitor. The entire congregation came over to greet every single visitor, as to welcome them personally. Pastors Brief, I was wondering what is that? It was the replay of the announcements but now by the pastor. And then, the Tithes Offering start, thats when I realized, whats the envelope for? I have to put money on it with my name and address, of course I dont have the interest to be part of that church, so I just walk to the front and put the envelope on a basket. Suddenly, the priest everybody to stand up and read the scripture again followed by the Sermon. It was lengthy and noisy, but presen ted and explained very well. It was good it was about faith. It made me realize that no matter how things may look wo keep believing and expecting good things from God; dont give up. Hope is expectancy; there is no hope if we always know what God has for us. Real hope says: God will touch me. We got to be patient, and when we are patient God will come to our rescue. He may not be there when you want it, but it will be there on time when you need it. I enjoyed. More singing, and then, the priest called those one seeking salvation to come forward. There a few people who went forward, and he starts praying with his hand over their head; after praying with a lady, she is faint, I dont know what happened, I thought to that only happen on TV shows. It was a very long and unexpected religious service. As we were blessed, the pastor walk outside first and stood in the front of the church to greet and say goodbye to the congregation. As I walk outside he approached me and start asking me que stions like: Where I live, Where I come from? And then say We are very grateful you attend our service today, we hope to see you next Sunday. I know there are a lot of different kinds of Baptist church, I dont just generalize all of them with one experience, but I dont think I will return any time soon.

Impact of Digital Marketing on Food Service Industry Essay -- Digital

Statement of the Problem In the contemporary world, every type of business is going digital. Manufacturers, retail stores, and restaurants, to name just a few, are realizing unimaginable profit margins due to incorporating modern technology in their marketing strategies. Entrance of digital media and real-time marketing into the scene has resulted in a significant improvement in the traditional ways of marketing and carrying out business. Dissemination of information and media has been highly revolutionized. However, there is limited research related to real-time marketing especially as it concerns the service industry. Digital media have proved to be very efficient in their degree of reliability and fast data transmission. This has led to a major boosts in the connectivity and communication of restaurant businesses with their customers. In restaurants, there exists a very close relationship between the attendants and the customer. With such attributive aspect, good customer-producer relations can be built comprehensively through digital media. This study will help justify the past research work and will also seek to unravel the mystery of the impact of technological marketing approaches on the discovery and progress of food and restaurant services enterprises. Background The internet is the biggest digital networking tool. The internet offers a number of platforms for digital marketing. Many electronic communication tools offer access to the internet. Personal computers, mobile phones, smart phones, tablets, and various other electronic products offer access to the internet. Over the internet, platforms such as websites, emails, applications (classic and mobile) and social networks are essential for marketing (Hutley,... ... of current research (Belch & Belch, 2001). References Ashcroft, L., and Hoey, C. (January 15, 2001). PR, marketing and the Internet: implications for information professionals. Library Management, 22, 68-74. Belch, G. E., & Belch, M. A. (2001). Advertising and promotion: An integrated marketing communications perspective. Boston, Mass: Irwin/McGraw-Hill. Hutley R. (2009). Social Networking as a Business Tool. Cisco Internet Business Solutions Joint Research Center Technical Reports (2008). Social Computing: Study on Use and Impact of Kotler, P., & Armstrong, G. (2005). Principles of marketing. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Tamburrini, G. and Zhang, W (2014) Entrepreneurship in Time of Crisis: The Outsourcing of Services through Franchise Arrangements in the Italian Food Service Industry. Journal of Food service Business Research, 17(1), 28-47.

Essay --

City of God we would all think of a holy place to be in but on the controversy it wasn’t the safest place to be in. â€Å"But in the end one needs more courage to live than to kill himself.† Albert Camus Many young kids do not have a house to run to, a mother to cuddle with, a father to set things straight siblings to get love from. Reality getting involved in violence can make you but in the end break you. Power with violence can make you stronger five you more power but break you in a blink of an eye. Brutality of life is revealed in Rios slums in this Brazilian film. A powerful film that views violence, lack of education, lack of money in 3rd world countries People create a civilized society individuals make it the norm however there are those ignorant people that just destruct everything and make it a disaster. It is part of a human balance to have good and evil. According to Urban Cinefile Critics, "A powerful and haunting film that explores the myriad of stories that lie deep within the slums of Rio, City Of God shocks, enlightens and above all affects us by taking us into a world where drugs and organized crime are a way of life." But in this film it shows that everyone choses their own paths to walk by for instances if it wasn’t for the harsh and brutality in that city Rocket, who is intelligent, cannot survive to do the work that his intelligence entitles him to do. Take pictures be in the photography industry and have his work published. Intelligence can be made in everyone that chooses to succeed in life the right way however a charter named Lil Z in this movie shows us otherwise. Stupidity, lack of knowledge (thinking he is famous being in the newspaper) not being able to read at his age is just sad. Thinking he is God of... ...see karma in the ending where Lil Z returns to the city looking for the children for help id assume these children turn on hi and kill him Rocket captures the whole scenery which made him famous having one person on the inside and living another life where that shot he took landed on the front page of the newspaper. Neighborhoods do have an impact on a child's behavior as well as the way they vision themselves growing up. A child's background in life matters no matter what. Where a child has grown up the neighborhood history remains the same until someone changes the perspective of the scenery the children grew up in as well as the violence that was always surrounded them. They need a better role model because in the end history bounded to repeat itself having now kids under the age of 15 walking around thinking they run the place till history repeats itself again.

BIMS Case Study

The Ballard Integrated Managed Services, Inc. (BIMS) employs a total of 452, of which 409 employees are deployed on a contract-based engagement for providing food and hospitality services to Douglas Medical Center (DMC). The performance of BIMS field personnel has eventually deteriorated and attributed to the sudden increase of operating cost at a rate of 74 percent, divergent to the usual 50-60 percent turnover in the previous months. The disturbing situation has called the attention of BIMS General Manager Barbara Tucker and tasked Human Resource Manager Debra Horner to conduct an initial finding.In this paper, the case study of BIMS will be discussed to examine the overall situation of the workplace, such as the existing problem, underlying causes and development, resolution and procedure, interested parties and challenges to the management. Situational background and description Based on the case review, correlating the question why does the problem exist could be attributed by t he â€Å"low-competencies from managerial to rank-and-file positions†.The managers and supervisors of food catering, housekeeping and maintenance divisions are unaware or misinformed of the prevailing situation on the increase of operating cost at 74 percent from the standard industry cost between 50 to 60 percent. As found, the problem developed upon irregular performance of personnel, such as the higher occurrences of sick leave and dawdling at work that brought about complaints of DMC on sloppiness of BIMS personnel services.Accordingly, an employee survey has been conducted by BIMS HR Manager to evaluate the underlying causes and development of problems, purposely to resolve the problem prior to initial inclination of replacing the personnel. About 78 respondents have participated on the initially conducted survey, representing 17. 3 percent of the overall targeted personnel. Illustrated below was the survey tool: Source: School of Advanced Studies, Pearson Custom Publish ing (2004)The challenge to finding the causes of problems and its resolution has been devised by the HRM through the above illustrated survey tool, primarily reconsidering the employees to convey their views, such as cited on (1) work condition, (2) shift scheduling, (3) skills training, (4) compensation, (5) communication and information, and (7) job security (School of Advanced Studies; in Pearson Publishing, 2004). Evidently, the management itself is the majority stakeholder to meeting the challenging situation of change in the performance of the workforce in order to resolve the issues.Thus, the result of the survey is significant to meeting the challenges. Problem Statement It is known that there are major gaps affecting the work performance of BIMS personnel. The problem is primarily attributed by the issue of unfair compensation and secondarily attributed by weak communication between the employees and the management. This problem statement can be well presented based on the result of survey as illustrated below: Source: Author’s own (2009)As indicated in the illustration above, â€Å"Question #6† obtained 19 respondents with negative responses and â€Å"0† respondents have ever positively responded, similar to â€Å"Question #9† that obtained 17 negative responses and retained â€Å"0† positive results. Therefore, the problem statement relating the â€Å"inferior performance† of the employees must be significantly addressed by the management with reference to the result of primary and secondary issues affecting the problem. Further findings have found the â€Å"range of points† from positive to negative responses of respondents.It shows that the internal or organizational problem is well expressed on the point-to-point responses from â€Å"1 to 5 scoring†. On the other hand, the scoring between 2, 3 and 4 also indicates the relevance of negative responses away from being positive, manifesting that the problems are causal to the dispensation of management, in which is exhibited by the illustration below: Source: Author’s own (2009) The point-to-point scoring from 1 to 5 exhibits the range of responses between 95 (negative) and 163 (positive).It is noticeable that the scoring between positive and negative has a very significant gap or distant difference. As indicated by the â€Å"Median Points between 2, 3 and 4†, the range of points can be noticed to be far different to obtaining positive responses, wherein illustration above has indicated the gaps of scoring at 232, 148 and 113. In sum, the positive responses representing a total of 95 are far distant even from the scoring at median points, of which capsulate the finding of significant problem.

On the First of October 2017

On the first of October 2017, the Catalonian president Carles Puigdemont held a succession vote to declare the territory of Catalonia as independent from Spain. Ninety percent of votes were in favor for independence (Catalonia). Later in the month, on the 27th of October, Puigdemont declared the northwestern territory of Spain as independent. The Spanish government responded by suspending the Catalonian government and managing the region under the central government, which is justified under Article 155 of their constitution which entitles that the government of Spain can â€Å"take the measures necessary† to â€Å"protect general interests† (The Spanish). But the succession forces in Catalonia are trying to challenge the Spanish Constitution over the illegality of their independence. The question is if these blockades imprinted in the Constitution are moral to be put into place. This situation of political chaos has escalated to the extent where the former regional leaders of Catalonia are either in jail in Madrid or in exile in Belgium and if they were to return to the region of Catalonia, they would face prosecution for treason (Minder). However, this has not stopped the succession forces in the region to try and put Puigdemont and his cabinet back into office. The controversy in these situations lies on a case to case basis. The campaign in territories seeking independence is based on the prosecution and legality of the laws set in place by the mother country. In Kurdistan, the Kurds want to succeed from the Iraqi government due to the oppression the people have had from historically being manipulated by other governments (Ali). The debate on the independence referendum in Scotland is based around the kingdom's decision to remain part of the European Union or leave with the rest of the United Kingdom. To reach a decision in these debates, one must look into the social, political, and economic viewpoints for the morality of the independence situation for these territories. Initially, â€Å"the Kurds have long fought for their freedom, and have faced unimaginable oppression as a people† (Ali). This is the view of the 35 million Kurdish peoples long fight for independence starting back in World War Two. However, this movement has found conflict both in this region of Iraq and in the Western powers. In the case of Kurdistan, the debate if the territory should have their own state and if the United States and the other Western powers should support the Kurdish independence movement. Mohammed Ali's opinion on this, the referendum in 2014 followed disputes on the sharing of oil proceeds between the Kurdistan Regional Government and the Iraqi Government (Ali). This has had lukewarm reception by the Western governments. The Kurdish people have just reasoning and have proven reliable, so why would governments want to inhibit this process? So why, would the vote for independence in the region be condemned. Overall, Mohammed Ali is a journalist for the Independent and has articles about the situation in Kurdistan. Ali's bias, as formally stated, makes his statements very questionable and focused on his side of the argument. Krishnadev Calamur is a senior editor at The Atlantic and focuses mostly on news reports in the Middle East and Asia and on the United States involvement, which adds a sense of bias for Kurdistan to his articles.Subsequently, â€Å"Scotland is being dragged out of the EU against our will,† and this underlines the need for Scotland to have self-determination (Clock). The issue in Scotland and their movement towards succession is based around the United Kingdom leaving the European Union. Some of the nationalist parties in Scotland are organizing a referendum after the parliament of the United Kingdom decided to leave the European Union (Clock). These parties say that Scotland had little say in this matter and they think that Scotland would have better hopes of governing itself inside of the European Union (Clock). The increased following on the nationalist parties and the formation of a referendum would need to happen sooner than later if any movement is to happen in this territory. To analyze, The Herald newspaper in Scotland backed a no vote in the independence referendum but proclaims itself to be unbiased from any political belief. The newspaper is the eighth oldest newspaper in the world and has political bias depending on which authors are working for The Herald. With all of this noted, it can be inferred that the bias of this article is to the nationalistic side of the Scotland argument due to bold statements against leaving the European Union.In Catalonia, the constitution instituted Article 155 in Catalonia to stop the region from leaving Spain. This independence movement has hurt Catalonia as a whole. â€Å"Unemployment, retail sales, and tourist numbers all came in worse than expected for the end of 2017 while the growth of the Catalan economy lagged behind the nation as a whole† (Savitsky). This economic situation did not trouble Catalonia before this active movement for succession. Catalonia has added up to sixteen percent of the population and twenty percent of the Spanish economy, which is 223.6 billion euros as of October 2017 (Bosch). If the government of Catalonia is able to succeed, the tensions between the two sides would reduce, and the governments could focus on more important issues, like the economy, and be able to progress further separately.To evaluate, this side of the Catalonia issue shows that if the region of Catalonia is able to succeed, it would allow both Spain and Catalonia to progress from their currently regressed economic situations. From this position, it would be the best for both sides for Catalonia to become independent. From the opposing viewpoint, Kurdistan would have a struggling economy if they became independent. An Iraqi trader mentioned that â€Å"the market would die† if the Kurds threats became reality (Dziadosz). The economy in the region is based on oil sales that add up to ninety percent of its revenues (Dziadosz). This could bring a problem of self-reliance for the Kurdish people. Also, the majority of the oil goes to Turkey, which questions to the viability of the economy of an independent Kurdistan arise (Dziadosz). Despite this, even Turkey is against the independence of the Kurds. The President of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan mentioned the Kurds vote for independence as â€Å"treachery† and that the region would â€Å"not find food or clothing† if independence ensued (Dziadosz). This threat has kept the Kurds from becoming independent is due to the one dimensional economy of oil and the fact that basic goods in the region need to be imported (Dziadosz). Based on the facts, should Kurdistan become an independent nation with the knowledge that it cannot support itself economically.To evaluate, Alex Dziadosz is a freelance journalist currently based in Lebanon and has been awarded the New York Press Award for his reporting in Iraq. Based on this, Dziadosz has seemed to take evidence of his findings from the Middle East to make his own credible statements and this article seems to be no exception. Moreover, Scotland is seen to be better off if Scotland stays with the United Kingdom. As a whole, the United Kingdom is a world power that is both relatively small both geographically and in population. Scotland benefits from being considered a world power. Scotland also values the United Nations, where the United Kingdom is one of the five permanent members on the world security council (McCafferty). This makes Scotland, England, and Northern Ireland stronger together than in their separate ways. As well, the complaint that Scotland is not represented in the United Kingdom is not true. Based on evidence, Scotland has more money spent on public services per person than that of England, a  £1,460 difference (McCafferty). As with that, the general public opinion in Scotland is that they are â€Å"equally Scottish and British† and many Scots have family across the border (McCafferty).In analysis, Ross McCafferty is a writer for the Scotsman that talks about his views on politics and sports in the United Kingdom and Scotland. The fact that McCafferty states his views in his articles could make them have questionable bias if they are not backed up with facts and not recognize the other side of the issue. McCafferty's article has a bias for continued union with the United Kingdom but is no less reliable based on the facts and evidence proposed in the article.Furthermore, the issue of the independence of Catalonia is a risk of uncertainty for the region. Economists at Berenberg Bank, one of the leading private banks based in Germany, mentioned that there was no practical way for Catalonia to become an independent nation inside of the European Union (Kottasovà ¡). With independence, Catalonia would not be a World Trade Organization member, and would face major trade barriers (Kottasovà ¡). With these blockades, the price of imported goods into the region would rise, and would result in more unemployment (Kottasovà ¡). The region could also use the euro as a currency, but with no representation, as they would not have a seat in the European Central Bank (Kottasovà ¡). With this, the region of Catalonia would face barriers far larger than the ones that they currently have with Spain. This would most likely result in the loss of the rest of the Spain as a trade partner. With this, would they be able to risk the uncertainty that would ensue with independence?To evaluate, Ivana Kottasovà ¡ is a reporter at CNN Money that covers European business and economy. The article covers both sides of the issue in Catalonia but focuses mostly on the perspective of Spain. The author's credentials and the evaluation of both sides of the case makes the case of the economics seem credible. Thus, after the evaluation of the cases, one can decide the logical perspective that each case should be placed into. Initially, my perspective on the issue was for the independence for these territories. But after extensive research and contemplation on the subject matter, my perspective has changed. Currently with the Kurdish people, there is evidence of an inefficient economy based solely on oil with an unestablished government. Secondly, in Scotland, the country would be better prepared, both economically and politically, to stay with the rest of the United Kingdom. No matter what the nationalistic politicians claim, they are receiving help from the rest of the union. However, I still believe the circumstance in Catalonia is still under debate. The Catalans have a diverse economy in a territory around the size of Belgium. The territory also has the political leaders ready to take the next step from Spain with the public opinion of the region on their side. In final analysis, the information presented is still very limited. There is a need for the evaluation of the individual bias of the leaders of each government to ensure that their beliefs are for the best. Along with that, there is the need for the analysis of past territories that have either become independent or have stayed with their union. The issue at hand is very complex and is in need for further review for each case independently. Overall, I stand that the territories should be able to show their protest, but in the cases provided, these territories should stay with their current nations.

Insomnia Informative Speech

Informative Speech – Insomnia Imagine the night before you are having an important job interview or you are due to give a big presentation. You make sure to be in bed early as you want to feel rested, be alert and look good the next day†¦ but, to your disappointment, you cannot fall asleep. You toss and turn for an hour, finally you get up to walk around, drink something†¦ by then you are so worked up about not being able to sleep that your sleep is delayed even more. Or for many of us it would be more accurate not to imagine but remember! Insomnia.The very word can make you fidgety. You may feel better knowing that 30% of the population suffers from insomnia. A national sleep poll shows that 60% of people have driven while sleepy and 35% admit to having fallen asleep at the wheel in the past year. Statistics also show that US industry loses about $150 billion each year because of sleep deprived workers. So the next time you lay awake in bed at 2 AM, certain that you are the only person in the world who isn't sound asleep, you now know that you've got plenty of company. What IS insomnia?Insomnia is the failure to get enough sleep to feel rested and refreshed. It could be caused by something as simple as drinking too much caffeine during the day or being anxious about many responsibilities. In some cases it could be a more complex medical condition. Let's talk about the symptoms * Difficulty falling asleep despite being tired * Waking up frequently during the night * Waking up too early in the morning * Difficulty concentrating during the day The good news is that you could cure most cases on your own, by making simple changes.So here's what you gotta do: We've all heard of counting sheep†¦ but really, has that worked for anyone or just kept them up longer? Adults, like children need a routine to help them sleep. Don't collapse in bed after spending an hour on the computer, even if you are exhausted. Instead, take a warm bath, keep the ligh ts low, use bath soaps and oils, I brought my favorite bath amenities by ME! bath (Show bath soaps) After your bath make sure you are putting on clean pajamas, and if necessary put on fresh linen.Get into bed and practice some deep breathing. Breathe in through your nose and out through your mouth. Make sure your bedroom is quiet, dark, and cool. Read a few chapters of your favorite book and finally close your eyelids†¦ just please don't fall asleep until I'm done my speech. Some more tips on getting a good night's sleep: Stick to the same sleep schedule every day. Studies show that people who sleep in on weekends disturb their biological clock, thereby causing insomnia. Avoid stressful situations before bedtime.Having an argument right before you go to bed will not result in restful sleep. Stop drinking caffeinated drinks a good few hours before bed. Your daily Starbucks habit may be affecting your sleep more than you realize. Just like you prepare your body for sleep, you mus t prepare your brain as well. Our brains produce a hormone, melatonin that helps regulate the sleep-wake cycle. Light affects how much melatonin your body produces, not enough natural light during the day can make your brain feel sleepy†¦. o make sure to spend enough time outdoors every day. And most importantly, don't underestimate the affect your thinking will have. Don't let sleep – or the lack of it – invade your thoughts. You may dread going to sleep because you know that you’re going to toss and turn for hours. However, agonizing how tired you are will flood your body with adrenaline, and before you know it, you’re wide-awake. So†¦ Relax†¦ take a deep breath†¦. and have a good night's sleep!

Dangers in the Environment Essay

The Dangers within the Environment are affecting our health to means that we wouldn’t believe. We destroy our planets ozone that affects and causes global warming. The pesticides, mercury and carbon dioxide that we release into the environment cause so many health problems to use and our children. It actually affects our children’s health more than it does to use. How can we do this to our environment knowing that it affects our health more and more. Dangers with in our Environment The dangers within the environment that affect our health are increasing day by day. The first thing that is we are doing to the environment is destroying our ozone layer. We are destroying the ozone layer by greenhouse gases. The way we treat our planet is going to affect our health and maybe even kill us because of the toxins and pollutants that we release into our environment. Certain types of pollutants that we release into the environment can cause us to have several complications with our health. The pesticides, mercury and carbon dioxide that we release into the environment cause so many health problems to use and our children. It is not hard to see what we are doing to our planet on a daily basis. There is so much research that shows how much even low level of air pollution affects our health. Carbon dioxide is what we breathe out of our lungs when exhaling. Carbon dioxide is released while we are driving our motor vehicles, using our lawn mowers, and etc. For the one gallon of gasoline that is used in our machines it causes 19. of carbon dioxide to distribute into our environment. Trees absorb the carbon dioxide from the air but if the tree is cut down, burned, or dies then the carbon dioxide will not be absorbed up. When a tree slowly rots then the carbon dioxide is slowly released back into the environment. The pesticides that are toxic to our health and our environment are chemical pesticides. The chemical pesticides that is more dangerous to be farmers, their family members, and other people who use the chemical pesticides. The pesticides are released into the air that we breathe in. The pesticides are left on the produce that they are sprayed on and then remain on the inside of the produce. The pesticides can be rinsed off, but they also can run off into springs, and large bodies of water. In which the pesticides can contaminate our water supply. In the world today everyone is at risk for simple reason that we are destroying our planet. Our world is at a total disaster at how we treat it and take care of it. Individuals that live in the world are at risk form pollutants and toxins that are in the environment that we breathe on a daily basis. The pesticides, mercury and carbon dioxide that we release into the environment cause so many health problems to use and our children. We need to take better care of our environment and worry about our health. People do not care about their health because if they did then they will not smoke cigarettes that affect their health and our environment. If we would save from driving all over the place in our vehicles when you could ride a bike or walk. It could help save our environment from pollutants being disbursed into the air that we breathe.

Manufacturing Technology Essay

In this article, it lists out several manufacturing technologies that set out new and easier processes for not just the workload, but set for an easier lifestyle as well. (summary) The automated systems was best said on my end. Transfer machines, cell phones and other automated devices are used to set a communication establishment upon anyone. It’s all about producing faster and having more efficiency in the industrial world. They also help reduce costs such as a bank you have ATM’s rather than having a clerk or 2 handling your withdrawals and deposits. You also have development of apps. These apps can take pictures of your checks and deposit them from there. Also manage your accounts with transfers and payments. It’s claimed that many human interactions really don’t require the human touch to it, which is true. Transfers of virtual products and or cash don’t need to be manually human handled. The article has been developed this year, which defiantl y will have a fair and accurate perspective on the manufacturing technology that we have in mind now. Timings, R., & Wilkinson, S. (2000). Manufacturing Technology (2nd ed.). 1061-2890, Harlow, Essex: Longman. In this book we come across specific detail about percentage-wise wholes in how much costs were reduced at the time of the startup in manufacturing technology. It claimed that all manufacturing technology orders dropped 20.4% at the start of its creation and then suddenly rose 9.8% later that year. Every year since then there’s been a 3% up raise since the start of it all. Having it being written 15 years ago I am heavily against this book, just due to the fact of how much our technology has advanced. The book shows how transfer machines are being held against in the workload and reducing the efficiency of work from its employees which is just a big key factor in communication. With the advancement in technology this has got to be a joke. Almost all technology is set in touch screen adaptations, faster ram processors, and larger memories to keep companies moving and cost efficient. Blaedel, K. L. â€Å"SciTech Connect: Manufacturing Technology.† SciTech Connect: Manufacturing Technology. USDOE, 1 Feb. 1997. Web. 20 Jan. 2015. This set article claims that there are 4 projects that led to the main movement of manufacturing technology. It details exactly how they got to developing such a vast movement at the time which we could easily set apart from our age having it being published over 10 years ago. It shows exactly how to â€Å"develop an understanding of fundamental fabrication process†. Heap, J. (2004). International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management (Vol. 57, pp. 156-176). Bradford, England: Emerald Group. This book had several findings of out SME’s had an early development progress against productivity and performance management throughout different AMT’s. It shows the different effects in management and what manners they had at the time to reduce operation costs and team efficiency. Acquisition of Manufacturing Technology. (2013). MENA Report, Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.libproxy.db.erau.edu/docview/1419103734?accountid=27203 Throughout this article we the write to see what acquisitions were involved to establish the different types of manufacturing technology in our more recent industry. Our updated technologies have claimed to make our recent years more cost efficient and productive by over 150%! I am all up with this article because it has its cited facts and it’s only 2 years from our current date, so this would be my most supported article just due to the date it was created. Milgrom, P., & Roberts, J. (1990). The Economics of Modern Manufacturing: Technology, strategy, and organization. The American Economic Review, 511-528. In this scholarly article, we learn the economics of modern manufacturing and what came with the update at the time and how it was processed and underwent a revolution. The scholarly article stated that the â€Å"mass production model is being replaced by a vision of a flexible multiproduct firm that emphasizes quality and speedy response to market conditions while utilizing technologically advanced equipment and new forms of organization.† This was the start of a new branch in observing what could be replaced and updated with technology. I do enjoy seeing the central difference of how technology has shaped the workplace with time. Doms, M., Dunne, T., & Roberts, M. J. (1995). The Role of Technology Use in the Survival and Growth of Manufacturing Plants. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 13(4), 523-542. In this scholarly article, we come to distinguish the relationship between principal strength, how we use to come across the usage of manufacturing technology and what growth rates it came with. It stated that the main findings at the time had a mindset of higher progression rates against technology would have a far less development and production failure. Tracey, M., Vonderembse, M. A., & Lim, J. S. (1999). Manufacturing Technology and Strategy Formulation: Keys to Enhancing Competitiveness and Improving Performance. Journal of Operations Management, 17(4), 411-428. When coming across this article we see how the main set of technology was set and how that generation at the time had evolved it into a more competitive and healthier implement. As stated, â€Å"Linear Structural Equation Analysis results show that the relationships between a firm’s practices in these two areas and its competitive capabilities are found to be statistically significant and positive†, which shows me they had their own strategic role in which they followed to test out their performance and which ways they could use to improve the marketing satisfaction. Shepherd, D. A., Mcdermott, C., & Stock, G. N. (2000). Advanced Manufacturing Technology. Journal of High Technology Management Research, 11(1), 19-33. doi:10.1016/S1047- 8310(00)00019-5 We come to the instruction of AMT’s and how their benefits improved our workload and consumer satisfaction. This article shows the specific studies in how AMT’s were tested and outweighed the beneficial manufacturing firms in all over the world. The flexibility and higher efficiency claims from them outsourced many operational downfalls to provide advantage across the marketplace. Cho, K. (1993). Manufacturing Technology in Korea. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 12(3), 216-222. doi:10.1016/0278-6125(93)90331-M Set across this article we have a different perspective having most of us live in the United States. With 32 set studies across this article it has been set that they have had an establishment of implementing local manufacturers across the nation with the support of  education al programs in technology and engineering. A different set perspective against the U.S. showing us how other countries had a different goal with maintaining manufacturing technology. Anonymous. (2011, ). TECHNOLOGY MANUFACTURING HEALTH CARE. Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL) This article was interesting to me to see the perspective of how manufacturing technology affected the health care industry. With 2 new hospitals opening up in other countries, hospitals have set out ads over the radio and television to help drivers understand the dangers of texting while driving and the rising amount of drivers ending up in the hospital from being distracted behind the wheel. I did enjoy reading this because I do commute 80 miles a day to work on the highway and easily see how much people are distracted behind the wheel. I wouldn’t know this new advancement in technology has caused such an uprise in car accidents, enough to open new hospitals around the world.

Marketing and Information System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marketing and Information System - Essay Example The marketing information which will be designed for Dell will gather the order information such as customer’s name, address, contact number, age, and the specifications for the computer. It should be noted that the business organization utilizes online distribution for all their products. This means that customers all customers visit the company’s website in order to place and track their orders. All this data will be stored in a database and will be updated real-time. This means that information will be stored as they are given by the customers. In order to make ordering efficient to the customer, the record will be used each time the customer places an order. This will make ordering easier as customers won’t need to retype their personal information. The customers will also be given options if to use the credit card that they have used on their previous purchases. The data gathered from this database will allow Dell to track sales according to geographical loc ations. This will also track trends in aggregates demand and demand according to geographical demands. This will help Dell to where to concentrate aggressive marketing efforts in order to stimulate purchases. The database will also allow Dell to identify the preferred specifications of customers and the add-on features that they want which will the business organization to standardize their inputs. The company can also associate the demographic factors with the specifications of the computers ordered.

Identity Development And Societal Attitudes of Gay, Lesbian And Essay

Identity Development And Societal Attitudes of Gay, Lesbian And Bisexual Adolescents - Essay Example ormation of self-identity is closely connected with the formation of sexual identity and as well as with individual’s sexual relations and societal behaviors. In the process of LGB identity formation and realization, an individual makes an attempt to solve a problem of internalized homophobia and redirects negative attitudes into negative attitudes. Further on, an individual feels comfortable when his â€Å"hidden† LGB identity is revealed by others. In order to trace the stages of LGB identity formation, it is relevant to refer to the modern literary sources that were focused on this issue. Having given a brief review to the modern scholarly journals, we can clearly see that identity formation among gays, lesbians and bisexuals is generally associated with the most important age stages. In these studies a linear research is provided. In other words, it is studied the way an individual is evolving from the stage of sexual attraction to sexual activities. In accordance w ith recent studies, the main changes in the process of identity development occurred among adolescent women and young men (Diamond, 2000, 2003; Dickson, Paul, & Herbison, 2003). If to summarize the results of these studies, we can see that very often adolescents do not identify them as LGB individuals. Thus, Diamond (2000;2003) has claimed that 70% â€Å"were consistent in their self-identification as lesbian, bisexual or unlabeled after two years, and 50% were consistent after five years† (cited from Hutson, 2009). Few young men identified themselves as â€Å"straight†. Among 216 bisexual males, only 17% became heterosexually oriented, while 15% remained homosexually oriented (Hutson, 2009). The reasons for such an unexpected shift among adolescents, who tend to develop their homosexual or lesbian... This paper stresses that there is a lack of humanity in the modern society. There are a lot of religious, social or homophobic principles that prevent people from being tolerant to people other than they. Nevertheless, it should be noted that there is a need to propagate a correct social stereotype about homosexuals and bisexuals. In case contemporaries remain homophobes, we would come closer to racist society. A propagation of a humane attitude to gays, lesbians and bisexuals is a relevant measure that has to be taken by the contemporaries. These individuals are full right citizens of our society. They should be free in making their personal choices and have the same freedoms as all other members of the society. There is no need to prevent these individuals from their right of becoming full-right participants of the society. Homosexuality is not an intimidating factor for the modern society. Thus, it is more relevant to be patient and tolerant to these individuals. Moreover, taking into account the fact that LGB individuals are responsive members of their communities, perfect parents and devoted spouse means that there is no deviance in the behavior of these individuals. It is better to create more favorable conditions for the full-fledged development of identities of LGB individuals. This report makes a conclusion that in case the modern society is more open to representatives of LGB, the latter would have a chance to live and function under no oppression. In this case, their self-and sexual identities would develop in harmony. Their clear sexual identification would facilitate a process of their further socialization. In spite of the fact that these people are often oppressed, they remain open and tolerant members of the society. If to treat them the way they treat all other people, the society would be more humane and full of respect.