What is Soul Food? Essay -- Expository Culture African American Essays

What is individual Food?All ethnic groups have their own language, food, and way of living. some(prenominal) quite a little even call their food, soul food. consciousness food can be described as food made with feeling and care, but in America, soul food simply refers to African-American cuisine (A History of Soul Food). In Imamu Amiri Barakas essay, Soul Food he describes how shocked he was to rede an article that stated how African-Americans have no language and no characteristic food. So he argued against that supposed fact. I too was shocked and am agreeing with Barakas argument. African-Americans have had soul food for hundreds of years, if anything that is all they have ever had. Since slaves had no control or choice in life, cooking became a way to declaim feelings, share love and nurture family and sorrow (Helton). Soul food is more that just food it is history, tradition, and family.Soul food dates back to the early 14th ampere-second during the time of Africa n exploration. When Africans became slaves in America, they had to make do with the ingredients that were given to them (A History of Soul Food). Their meals of fresh vegetables that they were used to were now being replaced by the thrown by scrapes of food from the plantation house. Not long after, slaves began to refer to their food as good times food because after working long hours in the ambit or in the house, the evening meal was a time for families to get together (A History of Soul Food). During the meal, elders passed down oral history to the young ones and family and friends came to visit. Soul food was hearty nourishment that met the intense labor needs of working long days (Helton). Decades later, during the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s, terms like so... ...It is the greatest feeling.When I hear the words soul food I immediately think of the history, the traditions, and my family. On the other hand, those people who are not familiar with these terms they need it to be just food. Sure you might also think of hushpuppies, fried chicken, collard greens, grits and ribs, but do you know how and why they came about. Not many rattling do. As Baraka concluded his essay he stated, I guess a square is somebody whos in Harlem and eats at Nedicks. I can also agree with that statement. I can see those same squares everywhere else in America they eat at McDonalds. Works Cited1.A History of Soul Food. 13 March 2003. http//www.foxhome.com/soulfood/htmls/soulfood.html2.Marilyn Helton. Soul Food History. 13 March 2003. http//diabetes.about.com/library/blfoodforthought/ucTSsoulfooda.htm

jane eyre, a passage to india , and the tempest :: essays research papers

Jane Eyre, A passage to India, and The Tempest all hold within their covers stories of wo men or girls who knowingly and unknowingly affected the lives of men they were involved with. However, the females range of ferment does vary between the books due the writers opinions of the female sex. The strength and influence of women did and allow continue to have an affect on the men they are surrounded by as well as our society as a whole. Jane Eyre begins as a young, weak girl and buds into a strong, independent wo opus. Because of her strength and amount of growth she is able to influence and change one very important man in her life. Mr. Rochester when he meets Jane is a very cold man. He loves no one, not Adele the child that is possibly his of Miss. Ingram a woman he would soon be engaged to. As her time a Thornfield Hall lengthens the reader watches his transformation from the man calling her Miss. Eyre to the man who begs her love him, stay with him and marry him. Charlotte Br onte shows through Janes impact on Rochester, as well as her own metamorphosis, that women are strong and capable as well as important to their society and the men they meet. The influence Jane had on Rochester and the fortitude she showed would allow society to see what a woman is capable of and in turn has the women reading encouraged to do the same. The authority Bronte portrayed Jane affected not only Rochester but the women and men of society today. Dr. Azziz, when met with Mrs. Moore, is immediately drawn to her. He befriends her and through this friendship he is changes. Before he knew Mrs. Moore he didnt have a strong liking of the English though he tolerated and even got along with them. Mrs. Moore, however, gave him a way to understand them and because of her influence he began friendships with Mr. Fielding and Mrs. Quested. After the cave incident the way Mrs. Moore viewed life had changed and she became a very shun person. Dr. Azziz just like Mrs. Moore became very ang ry and negative when she in a way abandoned him. Mrs. Moores character has the ability to make society take a second look at the jamming of India and consider is as more than that.

My Life on Togetherness Essays -- family, parents, religion, freedom

I belong to a family that is characterized by being quite Post-modern. Talking about my parents, they do both(prenominal) participate in the public sphere. They both work in two separate domains, having consequently more freedom in the public sphere they encounter as a daily basis. For example, my generate works as a teacher, so she comes across mostly teachers and professors, and my father works as an architect, so he encounters mostly architects, without corrupting one another(prenominal) by endless phone calls or whatever. So Togetherness, which is the opposite of autonomy, is not really seen. What I described before is how things go between my parents, but I did not yet trounce about the situation between my parents and us, their children. Our freedom grows proportionally with our age. When we were young, we werent restricted to communicate only to the family members. In school, we were free to meet and talk to whoever we want. Of course they do warn us of the bad persons we m ight encounter, but we were stamp comfortable. As we grew up, the relationship between us start to be friendlier. pull is there, which I believe is one of the most important criteria that should exist within a relationship, happiness is there, everything is fine. However, a criterion of togetherness was missing, which is the freedom of choice. Choices available to me were those that my parents provided me with. For example, one of my goals in my Life was, and still is, to become a Formula 1 racing driver, but unfortunately I wasnt able to achieve that, because my parents simply werent able to fool the idea that I drive a dangerous, fast car. I know its too late now, but my dream is still to drive a Formula 1 car, at least before I pass away.Anyway, my family is the ... ...rnal or external. when everythings ticking along just fine, I dont think most slew give much thought to it evidence of that can be found in the confusion with which most people will respond to questions like, what makes someone a man/woman?, or, how do you know that youre a woman/man?, without referring to biology. But as soon as somethings not quite right, whether thats an internal feeling of incongruence or an external challenge to ones gender, suddenly it becomes very important indeed. Finally it does work for me, and I am not emphasizing any counter ideas toward girls. I dont have any problem with them each of us is different at several levels. I can have positive criteria by being a boy and my sister, for example, can also have positive criteria that I do not have by being a girl. I was born a male I will grow as a male, and will die as a male.

Corticosteroids: What I Learned from Prednisone :: Medicine Health Drugs

Corticosteroids What I Learned from Prednisone If wellness equals homeostasis, then illness may be considered a loss or breakdown of homeostasis. Illness can be mild and require little or no intervention sometimes the body will heal itself. At other times, though, illness can be a breakdown in the whole system. Sometimes, when something goes wrong, the brain loses the ability to reanimate itself or its extension, the body. To treat the illness, there are many drugs some placebo-like and some are very sloshed, with enormous healing properties. Some drugs are homeopathic they come after from the earth in the form of herbs and have been used effectively to heal mild and annoying symptoms for hundreds of years. There are also beyond these, new and potent drugs that come from pharmaceutical laboratories. Some of these drugs have great healing power, but carry with them a double-edged sword, a healing edge and a blasting edge. It is one of these drugs, prednisone, that I wish to d iscuss in this paper. Physicians have prescribed prednisone to many of their patients who have life-threatening conditions. To illustrate, here is a quote from internationally known flutist and television commentator on the arts, Eugenia Zuckerman, who was diagnosed with an immunopathic lung disease. I can breathe In less than twenty-four hours I am practicing the flute with the kind of breath control Ive been missing for months. And all it took was one day and sixty milligrams of prednisone ...I feel a little shaky and weird, but I can play the flute But now it is three days later. It is the middle of the night. Im squinting into the mirror in the bathroom. Only seventy-two hours into my prednisone therapy and my establishment is definitely spreading. Im already turning into a pumpkin. (2). I understand what Eugenia Zuckerman meant. I was also on prednisone. Corticosteroids (9) are wonderful-terrible-wonderful drugs. They make you crazy. (I was in psychotherapy.) They incr ease your disposition and increase your weight. (I was always hungry.) They put your nervous system on high alert. (I was nervous and frightened, my hands were shaky, and one eyelid twitched.) They produce edema. (My face and ankles swelled.) They cause insomnia, (I stayed up most of the night watching old movies on television.) Moreover, they give you the gift of boundless energy.

Rational models and self evaluation Essay -- essays research papers

My supervisor requested a self-importance-evaluation in connection with an upcoming annual performance review, the self evaluation was meant to answer questions regardingA certain customer service decision and accommodations made by me that went beyond company standard operating procedure and protocols.Conio-caca nontextual matter Imaging Corporation ordered my team to perform a systems installation for a small publishing company in North Miami. The installation was to be performed according to company standards first the hardware which included an image setter and then a Mac Server running OS 10 (Operating system version 10) followed by installing specialized software to interface with a desktop publishing application. Upon completing the installation of the software and hardware, the team and the customer entrap the software was not functioning which effectively meant the customer at that point was, Out of Business. PROBLEM DEFINITIONThe on-site Team defined the fuss (Bazerman , Max H. Judgment in Managerial Decision Making, 5th edition. New York John Wiley & Sons. 2002), resolving Apple Computer Corp. had shipped a machine to the customer with the very(prenominal) latest operating system on it which did not work with a standard desktop publishing application it required a missing acclivity patch having a zipped (compressed) volume of about 80MBs. Alternative1 After careful communication with my supervisor, I was ordered to tell the customer to order the upgrade patch on a CD direct fr...

Rational models and self evaluation Essay -- essays research papers

My supervisor requested a self-evaluation in connection with an upcoming annual carry outance review, the self evaluation was meant to answer questions regardingA certain client service decision and accommodations made by me that went beyond company standard operating procedure and protocols.Conio-caca Graphics Imaging Corporation ordered my team to perform a systems installation for a small publishing company in North Miami. The installation was to be performed according to company standards first the hardware which include an image setter and then a Mac Server running OS 10 (Operating system version 10) followed by installing specialized software program to interface with a desktop publishing application. Upon completing the installation of the software and hardware, the team and the customer found the software was not functioning which effectively meant the customer at that point was, Out of Business. PROBLEM DEFINITIONThe on-site Team defined the problem (Bazerman, Max H. Jud gment in Managerial finality Making, 5th edition. New York John Wiley & Sons. 2002), resolving Apple Computer Corp. had shipped a machine to the customer with the very latest operating system on it which did not work with a standard desktop publishing application it required a missing upgrade patch having a zipped (compressed) volume of about 80MBs. Alternative1 later on careful communication with my supervisor, I was ordered to tell the customer to order the upgrade patch on a CD direct fr...

Lessons Concerning Staffing Decisions and Bringing About School Change Essay

Gary Hopkins, in his article, enumerated some of the lessons learned by jumper cables on making module decisions and speech about civilise change. These lessons came from the principals that have learned them from mistakes made first hand. They hope to give advice to new school administrators or even those current ones in decision-making regarding staff members, hiring new ones, and making changes with school tradition or policy. Hopkins (2004), in one of his headings, said that hiring decisions are the most importatnt decisions. One principal confessed that he had hired a teachers who should have been on an IEP (Individualized Education Program) herself.The principal confessed that he had just listened to verbal recommendations only and did not make any further background check on the teacher before hiring her. The lesson dont do a reference check without asking specific, detailed questions on the performance and personality background of a potential candidate (Hopkins 2004). Ano ther lesson when it comes to the staff is involving them to the decision-making. Collaboration and participation is imperative, (Hopkins 2004) according to one of the principals in Hopkins article. Listening to staff members will ensure their support in any decisions made most of the time, whether they agree with it or not. People will often accept a decision or outcome contrary to what they precious oiginally if they believe their point of view was listened to respectfully and taken into consideration, (Hopkins 2004) thats according to another principal in Hopkins article.Another principal adviced that recognizing of teachers, or just proverb thanks for any favor will pay back tenfold. In the end, she held that what we do is all about people, not policy. This is not to say that we dont follow policy, but we have a lot of flexibility when deciding what is best for kids (Hopkins 2004). However, the most difficult situation that the principal may face is when proposing or deciding to change something within the school, even if it is for the best interest of the students.One principal shared that the biggest challenge I have found is balancing the require to both honor a schools past and move it into the future I constantly struggle with how to delicately let people recognise that sometimes the way weve always done it is just not good enough (Hopkins 2004). Bringing about change is really a difficult line of work in any field, not just with education. Even when one has already made the step to listen to the members opinions, people most of the times are scared of change and will oppose it rigorously.Finding the right blend of diplomacy and chiding, professional development and empowerment, top-down delivery and delegation are just a handful of the issues principals must consider as they lead their schools toward change, according to Hopkins (2004). What really is alarming is that some people are reluctant at improvement. One principal stated that the biggest goof I made early in my career as a principal was believing that everyone on the staff felt the homogeneous way I did about raising standards, improving academics, and reforming schools in general (Hopkins 2004).He specified about one of the schools this principal led even though our test scores were near the bottom in our school district, most staff members were content. Our drop-out rates, discipline stats, and attendance were at the bottom too. As one teacher put it to me Well, somebody has to be at the bottom (Hopkins 2004). Hopkins article is an eye-opener for the realities of school administration. Other principals surely must learn something from this, but students and their parents, and other concerned teachers and school staff may also find something to learn and act accordingly to improve education standards.

An Introduction to Adolescent Depression and Suicide

Teenage angst is often referred to normal during that an unfortunate phase called adolescence done which many p arnts hope their children will emerge unscathed, and suffer through it with a philosophical attitude.Many incidents of unreasoning anger, amicable withdrawal, apathy and refusal to communicate are taken as signs of this phase and no more. However, these behaviors have also been identified as signs of insipid depression, and those who are at-risk may very well be diagnosed with this condition. Parents would be well cognizant to eye such incidents with some attention, especially if it occurs over a prolonged period of time.True adolescent depression is made more difficult to diagnose this is the unmanageable phase of teenagers, a time when they are most difficult to communicate with.This period of development is marked with transient period of depression-like signs such as mourning and loss of self-worth due to the normal process of maturation and its concurrent stress es, such as sexual development and conflicts with authority figures such as parents.Other stressful events, such as a romantic break-up or death in a family may be difficult for some teenagers, especially those with low self-esteem to do it with. When the behavior is persistent, this could already a depressive disorder (Adolescent depression, 2005).Adolescent depression is thought to affect up to 5% of children between the ages of 9 and 17, although as much as 15% exhibit some symptoms of depression at any given time. The condition affects the functionality of the adolescent that becomes apparent in poor performance in school, deteriorating social interactions, and hostile family relationships and may eventually lead to suicide.Many of those affected are seldom diagnosed and treated properly, and some experience depression before the age of seven. major(ip) adolescent depressive disorder, the most severe degree of the condition is diagnosed similar to the criteria for major depres sive disorder in fully growns (Bhatia and Bhatia, 2007).There are many conditions for which adolescent depression can become a long-term problem, including depression in adult life and suicide. Some adolescents begin their depressive periods in early childhood, which becomes worse as the stress of life becomes more intense.It would be of paramount importance, therefore, to be able to distinguish between a teenager acting out and true adolescent depression. This paper aims to provide a all-round(prenominal) overview of adolescent depression, its symptoms and diagnosis, treatment and the risk of suicide associated with it.MethodologyScholarly articles detailing the known symptoms, risk factors, statistics and treatment protocols for adolescent depression and associated suicide were include in this paper to abridge the information about the condition.These include articles from the American Family Physician, a peer reviewed journal of the American Academy of Family Physicians becaus e adolescent depression is mostly a problem that storm families and are best solved at this societal level.Articles from the New England Journal of Medicine, American Journal of Psychiatry and the University of Pennsylvania Health System were also included to support the findings, as well as current event articles on depression screening in schools and the interaction of sexual activity and depression.Studies on the suicide rates associated with adolescent depression were taken from the British Medical Journal and American Journal of Psychiatry.A public health survey conducted by the majuscule County incision of Public Health and Environment on teenagers was also included to provide a subjective perspective of adolescent depression and concepts of suicide.There is also the issue regarding the faculty of current treatment methods for adolescent depression, elucidated with reports from Stanford University, The British Journal of Psychiatry and a reprinted article in Pediatric Nurs ing.Results survey of teenagers on adolescent depression and suicideIn 2000, the Washington County Department of Public Health and Environment conducted two surveys designed by the Youth Risk Behavior (YRB) Endowment Advisory Committee to identify teach the main points to cover for managing depression, suicide and overall noetic health of teenagers in Washington County.Of the 17,726 teens in the area, 1,875 adolescents in grades 7-12 responded to two surveys, namely survey 1 slack & Suicide How Can We Make A Difference and survey 2 Communities For Teen Health.In the first survey, 87% of the respondents believe that depression and suicidal thoughts are a big problem among teens today.When asked what kind of information they believed would benefit at-risk teens, 85% believed parents should be able to realise signs of depression in their children and to take it as a serious matter while 81% maintained teens should be able to talk to friends about how they are feeling.Many (74% and 73% respectively) believed it was important for teens to be able to recognize if they are depressed and if others are depressed and to know where to go if they suspect they or others suffer from depression. Ninety-three percent of respondents believed guest speakers, motivational or other teens that have gone through depression and suicidal thoughts would be the best source of this information followed by television at 60% and caring adult at 54%.Having open communication, acquiring better understanding and reducing the amount of stress were the top answers for what adults and other teens can do to influence mental health of the youth.For the second survey, which investigated the involvement of the community in this condition, 31% of the respondents believed education was the venue most utilized for addressing the problem. Someone to talk to and friends tied at 26% for the best way depressed teens can be helped while 80% believed better awareness for parents and teachers was crucia l.Twenty-one percent of the respondents believed more money should be spent on more education while 19% thought money would be well spent on media (Adolescent depression & suicide opinion survey, 2001).Symptoms and signsMajor depressive episodes for adults and adolescents are similar in criteria. Over a two-week period, comparative tabulation of the major symptoms is provided (Bhatia and Bhatia, 2007).

Children of the World †Romero Britto Essay

The dodge of Romero Britto gathers symbiotic elements of popular culture from Pernambuco a state in Brazil -with sophisticated graphic composition, in the presence of the hybridism of the postmodern art and the glocalization (global and local) culture of the Contemporary. Romero started drawing very young, copying the whole caboodle of new(prenominal) artists he saw in books. He utilise to articulate compositions in a way that was simplified and naive, but unendingly in bright colors. When he was about 25 years old he had the opportunity to go to Europe and then he moved to Miami, in the United States.There, he was painting walls and selling his paintings through the streets to survive. His amazing compositions with cheerful colors were pleasing to the public of this city. In 1989, Michel Roux, Ameri earth-closet importer of Absolut Vodka, saw his work and hired him to do the advertising campaign of the drink. The three works created by the artist were broadcast in over 60 i nternational publications, promoting the drink quickly on the world stage. From this event on he has non stopped. He was satisfying to universal desires to live happily. In 1995 he did the campaign for Pepsi and had his designs printed on 1. million abides of soft drinks.In 1997 he was hired to portray the stars of Disney at bottom the context of his art. He has also developed projects for IBM and Apple. His works get been printed on various products from packaging to cars and even fabrics and accessories for the fashion industry. Romero Britto settled in Miami, married an American, and reinforced the first gallery of his various galleries in Brazil, Europe and USA. In the United States the artist seems to have turned the country idol of Pop Art, with collectors and admirers in steep places in Hollywood and American government.For example Eillen Guggenheim, a descendant of the founders of the Guggenheim Museum, considers him as a Pop artist at the same level of Andy Warhol, Kei th Haring and Roy Lichtenstein. The themes depicted in his works ar daily, with ingenuous lines and colors that give the artist an aspect of fun and humor to the figures portrayed. The character of his works publicity and array of colors, shades, and lines put him in the pop art scene and some call it neo pop. The painting explored in this work, called Children of the World, was created in 2006, in celebration of National Hispanic heritage Month (September 15 October 15).It was in exhibition in the Governors Gallery by Miami Beach artist Romero Britto. This exhibition was part of a statewide celebration initiated by Governor Jeb Bush to commemorate five centuries of Hispanic history, culture, and prosperity in Florida. The Colors The painting contains numerous colors. It is hard to check the rife wiz, so a bunch of them will be defined to try to explain better the meaning of this painting. We can see the pink in contrary tonalities. Pink is the color of universal love.Also , pink is a quiet color and fetchs calm feelings, toleration, contentment, relaxation, and neutralized disorder. This is one of the colors most evident in the painting, and those meanings define the purpose which is the celebration of a foreign culture (the Hispanic one) in the USA, in harmony with the American one. It wouldnt be possible without the disorder neutralized, the acceptance of the differences, and mainly, love. Another color in evidence is the purple. According to Crystalcure. com, Purple is the color of good judgment.Purple has been used to symbolize magic and mystery, as well as royalty. Also, most children love this color. I believe that Britto used this color because it is well accepted by children, and they ar one of the focuses in the painting. This color is also used because of the good judgment necessary to deal with the differences when you have opposite cultures. The yellow is also another evident color in the art. Yellow symbolizes wisdom, joy and happine ss. This is the message that Romero Britto wants to show in all his paintings the celebration of a happy life.We can observe a little bit of blue on the globe that the children are holding, which represents the ocean, but also we can observe it on the childrens body, with another meaning. The dark blue is the color of truth and moderation. The turquoise, found on the hair of the male child is the symbol of youth, and also the color of communication. It contains the growth quality of green with the blue quality of communication. Finally, the aqua is the color of high ideals. Brown and green are other colors found in the art. Combined, they represent wholesomeness and earthiness.They can signify growth and represent the simplicity, esteem, dependability, renewal, and environment. The Shapes and Lines Talking about the lines, we can observe that the picture contains curves, parallel of latitude lines, and bias lines. Analyzing the shapes, we can find circles and organic shapes (f or example, the flowers). Circles represent the eternal whole and in every culture are the form that represents the sun, the earth, the moon, and the universe. They have free movement, are warm, console and give a sense of sensuality and love. Their movement suggests energy and power.Their completeness suggests the infinite, unity, and harmony. Finally, they offer safety and connection. Circles suggest community, integrity, and perfection. The Organic shapes are irregular. They have much curves and are uneven. They run away to be pleasing, comforting and lovely. They are free and asymmetrical form and bring feelings of spontaneity. Organic shapes add interest and reinforce themes. In this case, the flowers reinforce the theme of purity, since children are one of the focuses in the art. Another organic shape found is the wing around the globe, which represents the freedom for people in the earth.The curved lines are softer than straight lines. They can be calm or dynamic depending on how much they curve. The less active the curve is the calmer is the feeling. In this art the lines are less active and represents calmer feelings and peace. The parallel lines are combined with the diagonal lines. Parallel lines of uniform width and spacing create a static and orderly effect. The diagonal lines are unbalanced though. They are filled with restless and uncontrolled energy. They can appear to be either rising or falling and convey action and motion.Diagonal lines are more dramatic than either horizontal or vertical lines. Light and Space The feeling of space in a drawing or painting is always an illusion. The artists combine the use of conflagrate and dark value with other techniques. One of these found in the art is the simple overlapping, with the globe on the childrens hand. This simple overlapping partially hides an object thats supposed to be behind it. The globe and its wings are covering part of the hair of the children and their hand as well, so that makes it look like is closer to us.Also, the asymmetrical balance is used, so that means the patterns are placed an unbalanced way in the composition. It promotes feelings of stress, energy and excitement. The light reveals shape, texture, and color. A flat light attempt to eliminate all shadows of the image, and its what we can observe in the art. Romero Britto hardly uses Chiaroscuros lighting (this one creates truehearted shadows and is typically associated with emotion or suspense). His works are known mainly because of the brightness and live colors, which make his arts more happy and alive.ConclusionThis art was created by Britto to celebrate the National Hispanic Heritage Month. He decided to have two children as his focus, who were happy and in harmony despite their incompatible culture (we can see by their eyes that one is oriental and the other one is not. The name of the art also brings this notion that they are from divers(prenominal) parts of the world. ). The children ar e holding a globe, which has white wings. This action represents the world is moving toward peace and freedom, and the children can be the agents for that. The colors used combined bring harmony to the art.The pink represents the love, calm feelings, acceptance and contentment. If combined with the purple, good judgment becomes easier, which is the main meaning of this color. The happiness created by the yellow join with the youth and communication created by the blue, make the world a better place to live. The friendliness and the renewal represented by the green and the brown express the power that children have to have good relationships with everybody and make the next generation more harmonious. The circles represent the connection between people in the world, and the power that we have as well.We can find this shape everywhere in the art, so Britto wants to reinforce the idea of the integrity and community. That is the purpose of this art for this event in which it was exposed . The lines bring a contradiction though. At the same time that the parallel lines bring the order, the fact that they are in diagonal show restless and uncontrolled energy. That is exactly how the world looks. by rights now it is not balanced and there are different forces coming from every direction. So, at the same time those children represent the next generation, the old one is still present and causing disorder.The soft curves balance the art bringing the peace and calm feelings to this conflicted world. The message passed by The Children Of The World went further than just a celebration of a month. It went further than a celebration of Hispanics living health in the USA. The message is that actually this new generation filled with love, energy, good feelings and friendliness has the power to change the future, and maybe one day all the world will be able to live in harmony and peace, not further this Hispanic community in the USA.

Obstacles in intercultural communication Essay

Introduction As industry and trade continues to spread globally and communities intermingle, the difficulty of language barriers becomes more prominent. This barrier includes non only language, yet a way of thinking also. Simply learn a language does not infer that the subtlety of the language learned is comprehended. This tush lead to major(ip) colloquy difficulties in all areas intercultural marriage, working or teaching abroad, relocating to another country, and negotiating any aspect of daily life.Intercultural communication demands much more than simply language a language it demands good listening skills, an open mind and the ability to step outside ones own culture mentally. This type of learning doesnt happen with everyone, notwithstanding with some sense of adventure and the willingness to see beyond ones own mind set, it is rewarding for both parties. This musical theme will look at various obstacles to intercultural communication, how they occur and suggested meth ods for circumventing them. Wherever we are born, our culture defines us.We whitethorn be American, but from the South, very different in culture from the West Coast. Every country has its own sections of culture, ethics, morals and dialects. When different cultures come together and attempt to communicate, even in each others languages, difficulties draw close due to culture more than language itself. Even though nations have varying cultures within them along with a common language, the variance is not ample to cause the difficulties that arise when people of two very different cultures interact.Perceptions, values and beliefs are the root of cultural differences (Anna Jones & Xuan Quach, 2004). First of all, bridging the gap in regard to intercultural communication involves perception. People of different cultures perceive things in different ways, according to the way they were raised. Perceptions in terms of beliefs and values are learned early in life, accordingly they beco me an integrated part of an individualists way of thinking the way the individual conducts his or her life will bring about social consequences that are wide and varied.According to Jones and Quach, awareness of perception is the beginning of understanding. What works well for one culture may disgust or offend another, and these things may not be obvious. What is common sense in one culture will not be to another. Therefore, knowing another language does not introduce an individual to a culture. Culture is easy to observe, but not to define, since it is based upon perceptions. Culture is basically learned behaviors shared among people who, for the most part, share the selfsame(prenominal) language and live in the same place (Richard Brislin, 2002).Culture is passed on from generation to generation not specifically through overt teaching and learning, but through familiarity and repetitive exposure. Culture is person-made behaviors, collectively. Contributors to culture may be cl imate, topography, economics and engineering (or lack of it), but is people that make the culture around these outer factors. An individual from a technologically advanced culture would have some amount of difficulty understanding an individual from a Third World culture, and vice-versa.The individual from the ease of high-tech life will have difficulty understanding the slower and less frenzied ways of a low-tech individual. In this case, we can compare Americans to rural Mexicans. Americans expect services and tasks to be accomplished expediently and efficiently. Rural Mexicans (and even Mexicans in cities) do not have the advantage of equipment and technology to expedite tasks such as landscaping, home repair, even making a driveway. They work with hand tools and the work is slow. They do not set time limits in terms of deadlines as Americans tend to do.Therefore, an American living in Mexico would need to understand that while the job will eventually get done, it might not get done as fast as it would back at home. This is an example of differences in value. Americans tend to value speed and efficiency, and do not prevail having to wait very well since technology has made nearly everything on-demand. A very good example of potential culture clashes can be illustrated in the following conversation, between an American living in Mexico and a Mexican technician who is to install a satellite dish (A = American and M = Mexican).

Research proposal and literature review

AbstractThis investigate proposal consists of several parts that earmark a applicable committee for the development of a research project on the composition of natural endowment worry and acquaintance way in contemporary organisations. The first part introduces the mentioned topic by providing comely background flesh out that aim at exploring the direct link among giving focussing and experience management initiatives economic consumptiond by companies. The second part is the writings review consisting of solid evidence obtained from management literature. The third part of the proposal let ins the proposed research methodology, which is quantitative in nature, as the selected selective in shaping collection method is follow. Advantages and disadvantages of this type of research methodology ar clearly defined along with the suggested model of data summary. adjourn 1 Introduction and backclothThe present check intends to explore the close relationship between endowment funds management and knowledge management as related to the constantly developing HR field. It is definitive to understand how the implementation of knowledge management activities bath contribute to better functioning of modern organisations in particular in terms of talent management procedures and reinforcing the authority of employees (Arthur, 2012). It target be indicated that the junto of talent management and knowledge management is beneficial for the operations present at companies (Aiman-Smith et al., 2006 Analoui, 2007). Talent management has been instal useful to motivate employees to demonstrate their skills, as this would be possible through raising aw beness about the magnificence of knowledge management. Different knowledge management concepts burn down be identified as directly related to talent management initiatives in organisations (Analoui, 2007). Such concepts are related to recognising the potential of knowledge employees, presenting adequ ate orientation to create and share knowledge as well as demonstrate activities pertaining to the retention of solid knowledge.For that reason, the purpose of the study is to demonstrate the relationship between talent management and knowledge management. This issue has been adequately explored in the literature in an attempt to find out essential looks pertaining to each of the two concepts (Armstrong, 2007). merely it is expected that the present study can provide significant insights into different methods and strategies that relate to using the advantages of talent management and knowledge management in dedicate (Ingham, 2006).Three main research questions are identified for the present studyResearch Question 1 What is the relationship between talent management and knowledge management in the context of contemporary organisations?Research Question 2 How can knowledge management contribute to extending the bear upon of talent management initiatives across organisations?Resea rch Question 3 How can organisations improve the aspect of encyclopaedism among employees as well as empower them?Such research questions are considered laboursaving and thus will be covered in the study by providing adequate answers. Specific objectives are identified for the studyTo assess and enhance the impact of both talent management and knowledge management initiatives across organisations To determine employee contribution and attitude towards the functioning of the organisation and outline of specific strategical goals To include a series of recommendations on how the relationship between talent management and knowledge management can be enhanced to achieve optimal results Part 2 Literature ReviewIntroductionThis section of the study outlines major points related to the connection between talent management and knowledge management as outlined in the literature. The introduction of knowledge management programs is found beneficial to develop and enhance mechanisms of tale nt management initiatives. This in turn will result in more than empowered employees who tend to be more satisfied with their job and thus more productive in the long term. A substantial part of the literature review section refers to exploring the link between talent management and knowledge management. The emphasis is on the attitude demonstrated by employees regarding the combination of these two essential concepts of the HR field.The Link between Talent instruction and knowledge ManagementIt has been argued that talent management is by and large associated with enhancing the potential of new employees as well as recruiting and retaining subsisting ones. In the process of retaining employees, the management is on the most competent and fit workers in the organisation. Other elements emphasised by talent management include educational and training opportunities, progression planning, and organisational expansion (De Wit and Meyer, 2005). The benefits of talent management pe rplex been recognised in the literature (Aiman-Smith et al., 2006). Such an activity is subject to control by the HR department. Researchers afford focused on the optimal ways that can be used to expand the skills of their employees, which would be possible through the development of relevant strategic objectives (Analoui, 2007). Organisations should be adequately prepared to correspond to any changes or aspects of financial surgical procedure. The contribution of talented employees should be considered in the process of organising adequate talent management and knowledge management initiatives.In addition, researchers have argued that the interrelation of knowledge management and talent management is mostly maintained for the work of particular strategic goals (Aiman-Smith et al., 2006). As a specific area in the HR field, talent management requires significant attention in order to utilise the optimal potential of employees in the work repoint. On the other hand, knowledge mana gement has been perceived as introducing regulatory mechanisms that can facilitate or motivate employees to achieve their full potential. This can be done through the creation, accumulation and application of solid knowledge mechanisms in the organisational context (Aiman-Smith et al., 2006 De Wit and Meyer, 2005). It has been identified that knowledge connection management is a specific field within the broad landed estate of knowledge management, as it has been considered such differentiation is Copernican to expand the knowledge in modern organisations.The focus of employee performance has been emphasised in the literature especially in a direction of recruiting talented employees and advancing the possibilities of instruction technology (Evans et al., 2007). As a result, companies would be able to use and share knowledge in an efficient manner. The idea is to enhance organisational performance at all possible take aims (Haesli and Boxall, 2005). The performanceive execution of talent management and knowledge management in organisations requires an adequately constructed process, which is related with the identification of talented employees, creating solid knowledge base, and sharing such knowledge efficiently. In addition, it is weighty to motivate employees to practice such knowledge in the best possible manner by demonstrating creativity and innovation. According to research, knowledge management mechanisms can be rather effective if they are combined with models of talent management and thus focused on the capabilities and construction of organisations (Green, 2000).It can be argued that knowledge management mostly relates to essential aspects of technology development and organisation, with the utmost goal to create adequate knowledge procedures across organisations. It is significant to none that successful knowledge management can be achieved if companies visualise efforts to combine these two areas of the HR field (Frank and Taylor, 2004). Knowledge management application can help organisations manage their knowledge base decent, maculation talent management application can reinforce the talent of employees and supervise them accordingly (Evans et al., 2007). In this context, it is important to differentiate some of the most viable knowledge management competencies to include dimensions of organisational behaviour, structure and empowerment of knowledgeable employees.Knowledge Management and Organisational CapabilitiesKnowledge management is a dynamic area of the HR field pertaining to the identification of essential capabilities and dimensions of organisational performance (Frank and Taylor, 2004 Green, 2000). The most relevant idea is to generate knowledge principles continuously, which would contribute to better functioning of organisations. The HR department is usually responsible for raising awareness regarding the importance of knowledge management and knowledge creation at all levels of the organisation (Eva ns et al., 2007). Therefore, it would be possible to identify knowledge management mechanisms as rather structure in nature as well as controlled by managers with the purpose to manage and control knowledge effectively. The process of accepting certain knowledge forms may be challenging, but the combination of knowledge management and talent management can significantly facilitate the performance of organisations (Evans et al., 2007). Knowledge management indicates the indispensableness to ensure constant reinforcement of certain HRM activities. Researchers have argued about the importance of measuring the performance of each employee especially through feedback, which has been found effective not however for the organisation but also for the professional development of employees (Frank and Taylor, 2004). In terms of performance, it has become important to implement a relevant strategy and present a strong vision hence, companies are expected to introduce clear strategic goals f or future initiatives that can combine successfully talent management and knowledge management. As a result, this would improve both the impertinent and upcountry capabilities of the organisation, as shown in the literature (Green, 2000).However, short-term and past-oriented financial pointers cannot become distinctive indicators that can appraise the boilers suit companys performance anymore. In this context, nonphysical assets such as knowledge management and talent management rather than tangible financial assets are a measure of a companys strategic value (Smart, 1999). As a result, knowledge management has emerged as a kind of important branch of management in the sense of developing intangible asset monitor systems to evaluate performance indicators of the workforce as well as provide certain details about financial performance (Sewell, 2005). The intangible asset monitor is a system consisting of performance pointers that can link such intangible assets in a relevant ma nner.Moreover, the classification of intellectual capital has become a priority to many organisations in an attempt to enhance their internal structure and acceptance of certain criteria for employee performance, which may contribute to extensive growth (Frank and Taylor, 2004). For that reason, researchers have proposed the implementation of Benefit Cost Analysis (BCA) emerging as a strategic management parameter that includes both financial pointers and nonfinancial indicators (Green, 2000 Sewell, 2005). Such a strategic learning system is able to modify a particular vocation theory through the implementation of strict monitoring mechanisms. The goal is to assess an organisations knowledge management and talent management initiatives. At the selfsame(prenominal) time, knowledge management emerges with significant objectives related to the improvement of all parameters of organisational knowledge, introduction of innovative mechanisms that support knowledge and motivation of empl oyees (Evans et al., 2007). The combination of knowledge management and talent management activities is useful for enhancing organisations to achieve essential strategic objectives through a clearly defined path of possibilities (Redman and Wilkinson, 2006). Yet, it can be indicated that knowledge management has not significantly contributed to the actual organisational performance. Its combination with talent management activities has been found a preferable option to enhance organisational performance (Green, 2000). The cost-effective parameters of such a combination of activities should be considered as well.Researchers have indicated that the BCA can realistically measure knowledge management and talent management performance through the method of cost analysis (Nonaka, 1994). In this sense, knowledge management refers to an entire philosophy of training employees in order to enhance their collaboration and integration within the organisation. Therefore, researchers have suggest ed the method of knowledge management scorecard (KMSC) as a relevant way to evaluate performance through the lens of knowledge management (Evans et al., 2007).Effective Combination of Talent Management and Knowledge ManagementThe conceptualisation of the link between talent management and knowledge management is required in order to expand the potential of employees to bring great value to the organisation. Talent management has been found important in eliciting a sufficient amount of intellectual knowledge (Nonaka, 1994). In addition, the notion of talent management clearly adheres to the principles outlined by strategic management. It aims to strengthen the dimensions of knowledge in organisations through the identification and reinforcement of talented employees, as the leading point light upon in the literature is that once these employees have been recognised, they should be retained in the long term (Sewell, 2005). The concept of talent management also refers to the affectiv e domain of the HR department especially in terms of facilitating a proper vision for emotional intelligence.Various examples can be also found in relation to how talent management and knowledge management can be adequately combined to create the south positive impact and retain qualified and experienced employees in the long run (Sewell, 2005). It appears that in that location are plenty of successful companies that have demonstrated their aim to combine these two branches of management in an effective way. For instance, Igus, which is a leading manufacturer of energy systems in Germany, is a clear example of such successful organisations (Igus Official Website, 2014). The company is noted for its dedication to arranging all aspects of management in a clear and efficient way by reinforcing the potential of employees so that they can contribute to optimal organisational performance.ConclusionIt has been argued that the necessity of including both talent management and knowledge ma nagement in contemporary organisations can contribute to improved performance, productivity and adequate employer-employee relationships. The focus is on the formation and implementation of a clear HR strategy for organisations to operate in particular markets or industry sectors (Green, 2000). As illustrated in the literature review, the concept of cartel talent management and knowledge management has been subject to extensive discussions among management scholars. It has been identified that both systems should be carefully considered upon the implementation of a particular organisational strategy. Scholars have focused on the necessity to direct the HR department in a proper direction by taking advantage of the strong aspects of both talent management and knowledge management (Evans et al., 2007). Yet, great emphasis is put on exploring the personal effects of different knowledge management frameworks that could further lead to the accomplishment of various strategic management goals. This literature review also emphasised that the combination of talent management and knowledge management initiatives is associated with rather positive effects on employee performance and productivity as well as job motivation. The adoption of a positive attitude among employees is a clear sign of the potentiality of the mentioned combination of management approaches.An extensive focus on the talent management and knowledge management initiative has been outlined in the research literature. Despite the benefit of training and development programs, the mentioned initiative has been considered more important in relation to specifying long-term implications. In addition, different recommendations have been introduced of how to expand the positive effect of talent management and knowledge management activities in todays organisations (Evans et al., 2007). The improvement of organisational control mechanisms has been extensively discussed in the literature. As a result, resea rchers have indicated the importance of extending employee learning and empowering them to succeed as professionals in a particular area of expertise (Green, 2000). Therefore, the presented literature review fulfilled the objective of enabling individuals to understand the complexity of the talent management and knowledge management initiative.Part 3 Research MethodologyPrior to proposing the most viable research method to be used in this study, it is important to clarify that focusing on research philosophy is inseparable part of the entire research process. Quantitative research methodology is considered most take into account to answer the presented research questions and achieve the stated objectives. In this way, the researcher needs to focus on collecting a substantial amount of numerical information that would be sufficient to explain particular research phenomena (Balnaves and Caputi, 2001). In terms of presenting a clear paradigm of research philosophy, the emphasis is on the use of incontrovertible research philosophy, in the sense of providing an adequate explanation for human behavioural patterns from the perspective of cause and effect. The social environment has been identified as an optimal place to collect the information necessary for presenting research findings (Nonaka, 1994). Moreover, the possibility to achieve a high level of generalisability of findings is a relevant way to ensure greater objectiveness of the obtained information. to generalise the findings to the wider population.Advantages and Limitations of Quantitative Research MethodologyThe basic aspect underlying the specificity of quantitative method is its focus on retrieving sufficient numerical information, which would allow the researcher to read an in-depth statistical analysis (Balnaves and Caputi, 2001). The retrieval of quantitative data is statistically dominated and thus emerges with substantial accuracy considering that it is not open to various interpretations as in qualitative research design. One of the benefits of adopting quantitative research methodology is that it contributes to the easy collection of data, as it can be visually presented with charts and figures. Another benefit of this type of methodology is associated with the possibility to carry out a research at a large scale due to inclusion of extensive statistical details (Green, 2000). A disadvantage of the research method selected for this study is that it may represent a rather costly option compared to qualitative research design (Vogt, 2006). A second disadvantage of quantitative research methodology relates to changing numbers as a result of specific operations and calculations, as this may have a negative impact on the overall results obtained in the study (Nonaka, 1994).Sampling ProcedureThe sampling procedure used to construct a relevant sample of participants is ergodic sampling, which refers to selecting individuals on a hit-or-miss principle (Balnaves and Caputi, 2001). There is a sense of unpredictability associated with this sampling procedure, as the intention of the researcher is to ensure optimal objectivity of results. It can be stated that all people from a particular segment have the equal chance to participate in the study. The simple proficiency pertaining to random sampling is the availability of random number tables, which serve a notification purpose in the sense of informing the researcher to select study subjects at a particular defined period and thus participants are generated on a random principle (Vogt, 2006). However, it should be noted that the use of randomisation devices may be also considered in this study, as it has been found to produce effective results in terms of avoiding bias in research (Maxim, 1999). The application of random sampling is a proper way to produce legitimate results as well as adequate findings and implications for long-term practice.It is important to indicate that the results obtained from rand omly selected participants are perceived as credible and accurate and thus such a sampling technique should be preferred in the research process (Balnaves and Caputi, 2001). However, there is a significant challenge associated with the selected sampling technique. It obviously cannot include all representatives of the general population, which may result in the formation of sampling errors. There is an aspect of uncertainty, but this usually emerges with any method and thus the researcher should be prepared to address akin concerns (Maxim, 1999). In order to accomplish the research objectives outlined in this study, the researcher considers the formation of a sample that consists of 250 senior managers employed in a UK based financial institution.ValidityThe aspect of internal asperity is important in research, as it relates to evaluating whether the study can assess what it was initially outlined. In addition, validity refers to find whether the obtained results can be considere d truthful. There is also an aspect of external validity, which is associated with achieving a high level of comprehensive research results in the sense that they find a broad application in various research settings (Vogt, 2006). Thus, it is fabricated that the present study has an adequately high level of internal validity because of the lack of insufficient knowledge on the topic or improperly introduced arguments. However, it should be considered that data insufficiency may pose a significant risk to ensuring validity of data. It is important to avoid situations leading to the generation of low internal validity from research findings (Carmines and Zeller, 1980). In addition, certain instrumentation issues in relation to the data collection tool may create additional challenges in the process of ensuring internal validity.The possibility to generate invalid scores is also clear and similar situations should be apparently decreased in the organisational context. The issue of ord er unfairness is a concern which is also considered in the present study, as the focus is on the order of particular involvement conditions that should not be removed from the precise effect of those conditions (Carmines and Zeller, 1980). Other threats considered in the present research include particular errors in statistical analysis testing, improperly constructed correlations and the emergence of causal errors, which are most probable to appear in the data analysis process. In terms of exploring the dimensions of external validity, it is important to consider its important role in determining outcomes in quantitative research. External validity refers to drawing more general inferences in relation to the collection of data among participants. Specific time periods and settings are important in determining the study results, but there are problems in relation to external validity that should be adequately considered. The major problematic issue is related to survey population, which is followed by time and attempts to ensure a sufficient level of environmental validity (Balnaves and Caputi, 2001). In terms of testing survey population validity, the researcher is have-to doe with with the idea of whether specific inferences can be obtained from a particular population segment. In case bias is demonstrated throughout the research process, it is clear that external validity is subjected to substantial threat.Furthermore, in case the sample size is considered insufficient or lacking characteristics of randomness, it may appear that the respective calculations are irrelevant. The process of achieving greater generalisation of results to the wider population may be problematic. The concept of time validity may emerge in order to demonstrate the degree to which obtained research findings can be comprehensive as related to other time periods (Carmines and Zeller, 1980). There may be certain changes occurring in the connection between variables, implying that the perceived level of time validity in this case would be rather low. The notion of environmental validity shows that the retrieved results can be comprehensive across a commixture of settings. Despite the assumed high reliability and accuracy of the selected research methodology, it should be noted that achieving proper international generalisability may be a problem especially when it refers to small surveys and case studies (Carmines and Zeller, 1980). In conclusion, it can be argued that the notions of validity and reliability are more applicable to quantitative research than qualitative research.Part 4 Data AnalysisThe process of conducting an in-depth data analysis is fundamental to achieve the research objectives of the study. Considering that the proposed data collection tool is survey is important to implement statistical analysis, which is properly constructed. Yet, it should be considered that the researcher may provide various alternative ideas in terms of analysing the i nformation obtained from research participants (Vogt, 2006). It is important to adhere to a properly constructed strategy of data analysis considering that extensive knowledge of working with survey data is essential throughout all stages of the data analysis process. There are different paths of analysis that can be followed by the researcher in this study, as the most important aspect is to recognise the specific audience and research objectives, and thus the implementation of an appropriate analysis tool to interpret the data would be possible (Maxim, 1999).The initial stage of data analysis is represented by Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA), which indicates that the researcher initially looks into the data set in order to determine specific categories that will be later grouped for analysis. It is a preliminary form of data analysis (Vogt, 2006), but the essential part of the process is to derive the main findings from the collected survey data. It is important to make sure at t his stage that analysis files are adequately consistent with one another because the issue of data analysis inconsistencies may be quite problematic in the long term (Maxim, 1999). It is also important to mention that the survey results can be analysed with specific software applications, which are intended for similar purposes. Other basic aspects to be considered during the data analysis process include filtering, comparing and showing rules as well as using saved views of the data set. Once the researcher prepares a summary of the retrieved data, the next step would be to focus on individual responses and exporting charts. 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